Complications in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Case Report

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but highly lethal condition characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary pressures and vascular remodeling. Etiologies of PAH are multifactorial including idiopathic, secondary to chronic conditions, and most importantly genetics. Recent research has identified multiple genes that lead to the manifestation of this condition. It is a difficult condition to manage as patients present with a multitude of co-morbid conditions. Much of the issues involve the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, which progressively worsen if left untreated. Perioperative complications rates also increase after surgery, including increase in morbidity and mortality. Significant advances have been made in the management of PAH, including treatments that target the vascular remodeling. Purpose: We present the case of a 33-year-old female who presents with pulmonary arterial hypertension and aim to highlight the challenges in management and treatment of this patient. Methods: N/A Results: N/A Conclusions: Physicians and medical students will encounter patients on various treatments for PAH. Providers should remain aware of the latest treatment and management to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with PAH.