Are alternatives to Bisphenol A associated with general and abdominal obesity in general US population?

Purpose Bisphenol F (BPF) & bisphenol S (BPS) currently serve as alternatives to bisphenol A, an endocrine disrupting chemical in both consumer and commercial products. However, the safety of these chemicals is not confirmed as there are very limited studies on their effects on metabolic and physiological functions in humans. The purpose of the study is to examine whether these alternatives are associated with general and abdominal obesity in both U.S children/adolescents and adults using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016. Methods A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between BPF, BPS and obesity while controlling for behavioral, demographic and socioeconomic factors as well as urinary creatinine levels. A logistic regression was also conducted to evaluate the association between BPF, BPS and abdominal obesity while controlling for the same covariates. Results BPF concentrations were significantly associated with overweight {OR=1.272(95% CI: 1.063, 1.522)} and obesity {OR=1.208(95% CI: 1.003, 1.455)} in children/adolescents as well as obesity {OR=1.108(95% CI: 1.004, 1.223)} and abdominal obesity {OR=1.117(95% CI: 1.001, 1.247)} among adults after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion This study showed that urinary concentrations of Bisphenol F were positively associated with overweight and obesity in U.S children/adolescents as well as obesity and abdominal obesity among U.S. adults. Thus, further investigation is needed on this chemical as it is possible that it may have an endocrine disrupting capability as Bisphenol A.