General Public Health
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/30812
Browse
Browsing General Public Health by Author "Griner, Stacey"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item Factors Associated with Healthcare Provider Recommendations for Screening: Results from the 2017-2019 National Survey of Family Growth(2022) Mendez, Armando Dante; Griner, StaceyEarly detection by screening for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, can prevent negative health outcomes such as delay and disruption of the HIV care continuum and infertility among men. STI screening recommendations typically focus on women and often overlook men, therefore healthcare provider recommendation and discussion have a strong influence on rates of HIV and STI screening. Research has also suggested provider-initiated conversations about HIV and STI screening may differ by patient's sociodemographic factors such as race and ethnicity and patient sexual behaviors. However, little is known on the specific interactions providers have with patients, including the risk factors and content discussed during sexual health visits and how that affects screening rates. The purpose of this study was to assess interactions with a healthcare provider regarding STIs and related risk factors and HIV/STI screening, adjusting (and testing interaction effects) for sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and number of sexual partners. Using the 2017-2019 National Survey of Family Growth data, seven survey-weighted multivariable multinomial/binary logistic regression were analyzed in a complex, multistage probability-based sample designed to be representative of U.S. household members aged 15-49 years old. There were 5,206 men in the NSFG dataset; however, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final analysis sample consisted of 4,263 men. This study was approved by the North Texas Regional Institutional Review Board. Compared to White men, being Hispanic, Black, and Other race was associated with higher odds of a healthcare provider discussing: number of partners, condom usage, and type of sexual intercourse. Being a Black man was associated with higher odds of a healthcare provider discussing sexual orientation (aOR: 2.522 (95%CI: 1.711-3.592) and HIV/AIDS (aOR: 2.235), compared to White men. Identity as a Hispanic man was associated with higher odds of a healthcare provider discussing HIV/AIDS (aOR: 1.313) compared to White men. Identity as a sexual minority were associated with higher odds of a healthcare provider discussing all risk factors and HIV/AIDS compared to heterosexual men. A general trend was observed for number of sexual partners: every additional opposite/same-sex partner was associated with higher odds of HIV/AIDS screening (aOR: 1.080; 1.393), STI screening (aOR: 1.028; 1.201), respectively. Lastly, every additional same-sex partner was associated with higher odds of a healthcare provider discussing HIV/AIDS with the patient (aOR: 1.241). Results may provide insight on how healthcare providers facilitate HIV/AIDS and STI screening among men and which patient groups are more likely to receive a discussion of risks factors with from their healthcare provider. Additionally, these results may further support the need for more healthcare providers to utilize standardized guidelines for interactions with patients regarding sexual health (i.e., Sexual Health and Your Patients: A Provider's Guide by the National Coalition for Sexual Health). Future studies can use results from this study to design targeted interventions to promote equity in provider behavior and ultimately reduce the negative health outcomes associated with HIV and STIs.Item Honey, I'm Home: A Social Media Campaign for House Bill 331 Pertaining to Evidence-Based and Universal Home Visitation Programs in Texas(2022) Molina, Jillian; Griner, StaceyBackground Universal and evidence-based home visitation programs can help address preterm birth, maternal death, domestic violence, and sudden infant death syndrome in Texas. Programs utilize trained health professionals to promote health and wellness by visiting homes of families before, during, and after pregnancy. Programs that were implemented have been shown to reduce domestic violence, prevent maternal death, promote economic stability, and connect families to helpful community resources. House Bill 331 (HB 331) pertaining to universal home visitation programs in Texas can provide families with education, resources, and advocates to be healthy. Objective The goal of the social media strategy and campaign was to educate the public on how home visitation programs can assist families and engage voters in a call to action so HB 331 could gain support and be passed in the upcoming 2023 legislative session. Methods To promote HB 331, a social media strategy was developed using Twitter as the platform for dissemination. One tweet was serious by mentioning public health issues while the other tweets were light-hearted and informative. In every tweet, HB 331 was mentioned. Two of the hashtags were used as a call to action while the others were meant to evoke emotion. The "memes" were used to target young voters. Tweets will be launched in 2022, so people have time to reach out to their representatives for the 2023 legislative session. Results The social media posts were developed to inform young voters and gain support. The tweets communicate that home visitation programs promote healthy families, benefit everyone, and need the public's support to become reality in Texas. In the first tweet, a meme is used to ask the audience to change the author's mind about how helpful home visiting programs are. The content of the tweet then goes on to describe the benefits of the program and insinuate that their mind cannot be changed. The second tweet contains a photo of a home visitation occurring and contains information about what public health issues are being addressed by implementing these programs. This tweet is meant to be serious. Finally, the third tweet is a meme of the rapper Drake smiling at the notion of passing HB 331. In the content of the tweet, the need for home visiting programs is explained in addition to how they can lower healthcare costs. Conclusions This campaign calls people to action and may increase HB 331 awareness. Social media is an appropriate avenue because it is cost-effective and can reach many. Other ways to advocate for the bill include writing a letter to the editor for your local newspaper, a letter to your representative, and sharing the tweets above. Home visitation programs are vital to the health of families in Texas and this campaign ensures that the state prioritizes the health of women and children. Further research on health information dissemination via social media is needed to ensure voters are effectively being reached and influenced by future social media campaigns and improve maternal and child health.Item School-based factors associated with attempted suicide among united states adolescents, 2015-2019(2022) Forschner, Caylee; Yockey, Robert; Griner, StaceyPurpose: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents in the United States, ages 15 to 19 years old. Previous research has identified an extensive list of risk factors associated with adolescent suicide and indicates sexual minority youth, who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or unsure, are at increased risk for suicidal behaviors, but limited research examines the contextual factors that may be associated with suicide attempts among these youth. Additional research is warranted into school-based factors and their relationship with suicide among sexual minority youth. The purpose of the present study is to investigate school-based factors associated with suicide and explore differences by sexual minority status among a large, nationally representative sample of U.S. youth over multiple years. Methods: Pooled data from the 2015-2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) were analyzed. The YRBS is a bi-annual survey conducted in the United States to examine health behaviors among youth in middle and high school. Weighted logistic regression models were conducted to determine conditional associations to past-year suicide attempt ("yes or no"). The conditional associations considered were, sexual orientation ("heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual and not sure"), did not go to school because they felt unsafe ("yes and no"), and grades over the last year ("mostly A's/B's, mostly C's/D's/F's and none of these grades/not sure"). Interactions between sexual orientation and not going to school because they felt unsafe, were built and were mean centered to reduce multi-collinearity and interpretability of findings. Missing data were handled with multiple imputation methods and combined in multivariate analyses using Rubin's rules. The level of significance was set at p < .05 and were two-tailed. Analyses were conducted in Stata. Results: The total sample comprised of 44,066 students in 9th-12th grades, with nearly equal percentages of boys and girls (50.0% vs. 49.2%, respectively). An estimated 3.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.15-3.62) of youth reported past year suicide attempt. Compared to heterosexual youth, bisexual youth (aOR: 1.38, 95%CI 1.24-1.53) were more likely to report attempting suicide. Students who reported feeling unsafe at school (aOR: 1.49, 95%CI 1.34-1.64) were more likely to attempt suicide compared to those who reported feeling safe at school. Sexual orientations and feeling safe at school interactions were not significant- the students who did not feel safe were not those that identified as sexual minorities. Students who reported their grades as C's/D's/F's (aOR: 0.75, 95%CI 0.64-0.86) were less likely than students who reported A's/B's to attempt suicide. Conclusions: These findings indicate that students who do not feel safe in school have an increased risk of suicide attempts, underscoring the importance of programs that promote a safe and supportive school environment. Students who reported lower grades have a decreased risk of suicide attempts, necessitating further research to identify the influence of academic pressures. Understanding school-based factors affecting adolescent suicide risk is important to identify students at greatest risk and develop targeted and effective programs to reduce suicide in this age group.