Pediatrics & Women's Health
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/30448
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Browsing Pediatrics & Women's Health by Author "Bowman, William"
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Item Assessing Body Image Perception among Children aged 10-14, and their Caregivers(2021) Desai, Shivani; Fernando, Shane; Habiba, Nusrath; Fulda, Kimberly; Bowman, WilliamPurpose: The incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in children continues to rise in the country. According to the ADA, in 2011-2012, the annual incidence of diagnosed diabetes in youth was estimated at 5,300 with T2DM. Not only can T2DM be managed with appropriate measures but also be prevented if the risk factors are identified. Methods: 10-14 year-old children and their caregivers participated in a 2-hour research study in which questions about body silhouettes were asked. Child subjects identified which body silhouettes (gradient from 1: very thin to 9: obese) they currently looked like and the ones they wished to look like. Similarly, parents were asked to do the same for their child. Results: Male and female children wanted their desired silhouette number to be less than the number they picked for their current shape. The amount of male children who chose silhouette numbers 1-5 increased by 39% between their current and desired shape and for female children the increase was by 28%. For parents of male children, the increase was by 47% and for parents of female children, the increase was by 15%. Conclusion: This study suggests that the perception of desiring a thinner body were similar between male and female children and their parents. These body silhouettes may have potential as a screening tool for body image and healthy behaviors. Through this model, health care professionals can gauge their patient's perception on their body weight and help them facilitate conversation towards healthy behaviors.Item Identifying Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation(2021) Gorrepati, Krishna; Hamby, Tyler; Bowman, WilliamCongenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) constitute a diverse group of errors involved with protein glycosylation, a post-transcriptional modification that is essential for life. Due to the diversity of clinical presentations of CDG, they lead to multiple organ systems that are affected and delayed diagnosis. CDGs are usually diagnosed through whole exome sequencing, but carbohydrate deficient transferring (CDT) testing is a quick and cost-effective alternative that can be used as a screening tool for CDG. Although CDGs are rare and have varying presentations, there are two main subtypes, CDG I and CDG II; both of which we explored. We reviewed findings of seven confirmed cases of CDG (5 boys and 2 girls, with a mean age of 6.42 years at diagnosis) followed at Cook Children's Medical Center. We looked at the most common symptoms and age of diagnosis to determine which symptoms led to a diagnosis of CDG. The most frequent symptoms include ataxia (n=6), developmental delay (n=7), and hypotonia (n=7). Typically, within a year of documentation of these symptoms, a diagnosis was established either through CDT testing or WES. In cases that both CDT testing and WES were done, the CDT test proved to show results that correlated with WES. We believe that this is an important finding because when children present with ataxia, with or without developmental delay, and hypotonia, a CDT test can be ordered by a primary care physician as a rapid and economical screening tool that could lead to a quicker diagnosis of CDG.Item Review of a Case With Vague Presenting Symptoms in Preparation for Clinical Rotations(2021) Lammers, Cara; Bowman, William; Basha, RiyazBackground: Conducting scholarly reviews of case studies as a preclinical medical student is a crucial supplement to classroom didactics and provides students with a clinical framework that can be applied throughout future clinical rotations. Case Information: In review of An 18.5-Month-Old Girl with Watery Diarrhea and Poor Weight Gain from New England Journal of Medicine (2010; 362:1619-1626), an otherwise healthy female infant presents with a reported 6 month history of watery diarrhea up to 15x per day. The child's weight decreased from 56th percentile at 7 months to < 10th percentile. Physical exam was normal without any organomegaly, tenderness, or masses. An extensive diagnostic workup was completed ruling out common food allergies, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, cystic fibrosis, and an invasive organism. Finally, the possibility of a tumor and associated paraneoplastic syndrome was considered, and a measurement of urinary catecholamines revealed elevated levels. A CT scan showed a calcified retroperitoneal mass without evidence of invasion. The mass was fully resected consistent with ganglioneuroma. At follow-up, the child was thriving without evidence of recurrent disease and normal catecholamine levels. Conclusions: Without prompt diagnosis, the outcome of this case could have been catastrophic leading to continued failure to thrive and developmental abnormalities. Using the case presented as a framework, I have developed my own systematic approach for patients presenting with vague symptoms. Furthermore, I keep tumors and cancerous etiologies at the forefront of my mind when developing differentials for patients with non-specific symptoms ensuring earlier diagnoses and interventions.