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Browsing Abstracts by Author "Al-Angari, Samiah S."
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Item INCREASED POTENTIAL FOR GLUCOSE METABOLISM INTERFERENCE AND RETINAL ANEURYSMS FROM CARBON DISFULDIE EXPOSURE IN OIL AND NATURAL GAS WORKERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW(2014-03) Patel, Jay T.; Rich, Alisa L.; Al-Angari, Samiah S.Exposure to chemicals in the air from manufacturing emissions may cause health impact to workers and the general public. A chemical historically found in rayon manufacturing emissions, carbon disulfide (CS2) is also present in emissions from oil and natural gas operations. This research identified how exposure to CS2 can affect blood glucose levels and can lead to damage to eyes. With the current trend in urban drilling, the general public may experience these health impacts from breathing CS2 in the air. Workers need to be tested regularly to prevent health complications. Purpose (a): This study examined the relationship of glucose metabolism interference and retinal microaneurysms from exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) in natural gas workers. This study is the first to identify an increased potential for glucose metabolism interference, resulting in diabetogenic effect and subsequent retinal microaneurysms in natural gas occupational workers exposed to CS2. Methods (b): The review of literature was conducted as an evaluative assessment rather than an annotated bibliography and focused on the potential diabetogenic effects from CS2 exposure. The search criteria were inclusive to all papers on occupational health effects related to CS2 exposure. Relevant articles were identified by a systematic search of Medline, TOXLINE, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Due to the lack of current literature, all study designs were included. Results (c): The literature review found a strong association in viscose rayon occupational workers exposed to CS2 and an increased potential for alteration of normal glucose metabolism and retinal microaneurysms. CS2 wasalso found to be present in emissions from extraction and processing of oil and natural gas. The mechanism of action of CS2 on a biochemical level proved similar in viscose rayon and oil and natural gas workers. Conclusions (d): Natural gas occupational workers exposed to CS2 may experience an increased potential for glucose metabolism interference, which has been an indicator for diabetogenic effect and increased incidence for retinal disease. The recommendation is for regular monitoring of blood glucose levels in CS2-exposed workers preventing diabetogenic effect and ensuing retinopathy.Item META-ANALYSIS OF THE HEALTH EFFECTS FROM CARBON DISULFIDE EXPOSURE TO NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIAL WORKERS(2014-03) Al-Angari, Samiah S.; Rich, Alisa L.; Patel, Jay T.The textile industry historically has been associated with high levels of air pollution and adverse health effects for workers exposed to the pollution. With the migration of textile industry overseas, much of the pollution has been sent overseas as well. Carbon disulfide (CS2), a chemical commonly seen in the textile industry, has received little attention due to this migration. With the recent expansion of natural gas extraction in the U.S., CS2 has once again surfaced in air emissions produced from this industrial process. This study revealed that natural gas workers may suffer health effects similar to viscose rayon workers from exposure to CS2. Purpose (a): Health effects from occupational exposure to Carbon disulfide (CS2) have been primarily associated with viscose rayon plant workers. The objective of this study was to examine the potential for health impairment from CS2 exposure in natural gas workers. This study is unique in associating exposure to CS2 to natural gas workers and unrecognized adverse health impairments. Methods (b): A meta-analysis study was conducted and published literature on the health effects of CS2 were reviewed. Databases searched included MEDLINE, TOXLINE, and PubMed. Studies related to exposure to CS2 were limited and historically associated with the viscose rayon industry. Analysis of the published literature of CS2 exposure to workers in petrochemical refineries were identified but limited. Selection criteria were inclusive to all studies available despite study design. The inclusivity of all study designs was influenced by the lack of current literature of CS2 exposure to occupational workers in the U.S. Results (c): Results revealed exposure to CS2 was associated with multiple health effects in various body systems. The potential for significant health effects both on a short-term and long-term basis were identified in natural gas extraction and processing workers exposed to CS2. Conclusions (d): Natural gas occupational workers may be exposed to CS2 from extraction and processing leading to adverse health effects comparable to viscose rayon workers. This study is the first to associate CS2 to occupational workers involved in natural gas extraction or processing operations. This study illuminates the need for application of regular medical diagnostic tools to recognize CS2 levels in workers.