Research Appreciation Day
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RAD is an institutional tradition encompassing medicine, public health and basic science. The program provides an opportunity for students, faculty and staff to share their research efforts with the campus community and the public. The program encourages the development of joint research projects and increases the community's awareness of the outstanding quality and range of research conducted at UNT Health Science Center.
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Browsing Research Appreciation Day by Author "Abdali, Kulsum"
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Item Pediatric Rhabdomyolysis and Plasmapheresis - A Review of Two Cases(2023) Abdali, Kulsum; Tran, Jessica; Hamby, Tyler; Gillespie, RobertBackground: Rhabdomyolysis is the breakdown of skeletal muscles causing leakage of cellular components like creatine kinase (CK) into the bloodstream. Clear guidelines for managing pediatric rhabdomyolysis currently do not exist. Traditional treatment involves prompt administration of intravenous (IV) fluids to counteract dehydration and prevent acute kidney injury (AKI). However, there have been limited case studies involving plasma exchange to treat severe cases of rhabdomyolysis in pediatrics. Case Information: Case 1: A 14-year-old female presented with muscle pain, headache, decreased urine output, and tea-colored urine. Her history included lifting weights and dehydration. Her presenting CK was 281,483 U/L and creatinine was 2.88 mg/dL. She was diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis, AKI, and transaminitis. CK levels rose to 410,000 U/L. On the second day, plasmapheresis was performed, and CK levels decreased after two more treatments. However, creatinine levels continued to increase. Renal biopsy showed acute tubular injury secondary to rhabdomyolysis. Hemodialysis was performed. Upon discharge, creatinine was 2.43 mg/dL, and she no longer required dialysis. Case 2: An 11-year-old female presented with a respiratory illness for two days. Her CK was 41,671 U/L. She was diagnosed with AKI and rhabdomyolysis induced by COVID-19. Standardized treatments were initiated with no improvement. CK levels reached over 410,000 U/L. Plasmapheresis was then initiated for three days, which lowered the CK levels significantly. Upon completion of plasmapheresis, her CK level dropped down to 40,000 U/L. Her CK levels normalized and her AKI became stable. Conclusions: Given the risks associated with high CK levels resistant to traditional IV hydration, it is crucial that the levels are brought down quickly to prevent long-term complications such as AKI. Therefore, plasmapheresis may be considered in severe, life-threatening rhabdomyolysis in pediatrics.Item Practice Effect and Cardiorespiratory Response to Cognitive Test-Retest with Aging(2022) Reddy, Priyanka; Abdali, Kulsum; Ross, Sarah; Davis, Sandra; Shi, XiangrongBackground: This study aimed to examine the age-related difference in practice effect on cognitive performance and cardiorespiratory frequencies during test and retest with the same materials in different cognitive domains. Methods: Twenty cognitively normal older and younger men and women (65±2 vs 26±1 years old) provided the informed consent (approved by IRB) and participated in cognitive test and retest using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Digit-Span, Trail Making Test (TMT-B), and California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II) with ~3 weeks apart. During the testing, heart rate (HR) and breathing frequency (BF) were continuously monitored from electrocardiogram and plethysmograph. ANOVA was applied to examine the significance of the age and retest factors. Results: All cognitive performances were not affected by the age factor or the retest factor except CVLT-II. Baseline cognitive performances of the older vs younger groups were 27.7±1.1 vs 30.5±0.7 (P=0.034) in CVLT-II total Free-Recall, 29.2±0.4 vs 29.6±0.2 in MMSE, 15.6±1.6 vs 16.7±1.2 in Digit-Span, and 58.8±6.4 vs 48.0±3.6 in TMT-B, respectively. The retest factor only significantly improved total Free-Recall in the younger group (P=0.002). Baseline HR and BF were not different between the two groups, older vs younger: 72±5 vs 80±3 beats/min and 17±1 vs 16±1 breaths/min. Both HR and BF were significantly augmented (P< 0.01) in response to the cognitive test. However, both these responses were significantly attenuated during the retest (the retest factor P< 0.01). Only HR, not BF response was significantly affected by the age factor. Conclusions: There was no practice effect on cognitive performances in MMSE, Digit-Span, and TMT-B in both older and younger subjects. Total Free-Recall was significantly improved in the younger subjects only during the retest. There was a practice effect on the cardiorespiratory responses to cognitive challenge, which were significantly reduced during the cognitive retest. Aging significantly diminished HR response during cognitive challenge.Item SLOW RECOVERY OF CEREBRAL PERFUSION DURING HYPOTENSION IN ELDERLY HUMANS(2021) Abdali, Kulsum; Chen, Xiaoan; Cai, Ming; Ross, Sarah; Davis, Sandra; Zhou, Zhengyang; Shi, XiangrongPurpose: Aging affects the cardiovascular function. This study tested the hypothesis that aging diminishes cerebral perfusion during hypotension challenge. Methods: Healthy elderly (n=13) and young (n=13) adults signed a consent form that was approved by IRB at UNTHSC. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cerebral blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (VMCA) were continuously measured during systemic hypotension, which was induced by rapid-deflation of bilateral thigh-cuffs after 3-min supra-systolic occlusion. This hypotension elicited a transient-decrease in VMCA (ΔVMCA) and a reflexive-increase in HR (ΔHR). Time duration reaching the nadir of MAP and VMCA (T0) and the rate of the recovery response (TR) were compared between the groups. Results: Cuff deflation after occlusion to the legs significantly decreased MAP (ΔMAP) which elicited significant hypoperfusion to the brain in both groups. Although ΔMAP and ΔVMCA were not statistically different between the groups, both T0 and TR for MAP and VMCA were significantly longer in the elderly group. T0 and TR were shorter for ΔVMCA than ΔMAP, suggesting the presence of cerebral autoregulation, which evoked an early recovery of ΔVMCA from its nadir, and also explained an early completion of VMCA recovery before MAP restoration. In addition, the rates of ΔMAP and ΔHR during recovery were diminished with aging, which explained a prolonged recovery of cerebral perfusion. Conclusion: We conclude that aging diminishes the function of maintaining cerebral perfusion during hypotension, which is associated with age-impaired cerebral intrinsic factor and systemic function.