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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/29936
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Browsing Other by Author "Biavati, Mikaela"
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Item Prevalence of Pectus Excavatum in an Adult Population-Based Cohort Estimated from Radiographic Indices of Chest Wall Shape(2020) Garcia, Christine; Kozlitina, Julia; Alder, Adam; Foglia, Robert; McColl, Roderick; Peshock, Ronald; Kelly, Robert Jr.; Biavati, MikaelaPurpose: Pectus excavatum is the most common chest wall skeletal deformity. Although commonly evaluated in adolescence, its prevalence in adults is unknown. Methods: Radiographic indices of chest wall shape were analyzed for adult participants of the first (n=2687) and second (n=1780) Dallas Heart Study and compared to pectus cases (n=297). Thoracic computed tomography imaging studies were examined to calculate the Haller index, a measure of thoracic axial shape, and the Correction index, which quantitates the posterior displacement of the sternum relative to the ribs. Results: At the level of the superior xiphoid, 0.5%, 5% and 0.4% of adult Dallas Heart Study subjects have evidence of pectus excavatum using thresholds of Haller Index >3.25, Correction Index >10%, or both, respectively. There is a greater prevalence of pectus in women than men. In the general population, the Haller and Correction Indices are associated with height and weight, independent of age, gender, and ethnicity. Repeat imaging of a subset of subjects (n=992) demonstrated decreases in the mean Haller and Correction Indices over seven years, suggesting development of a more circular axial thorax and with less sternal depression. Conclusions: In this study, we estimate the prevalence of pectus excavatum at 0.4% or 1 in 25 individuals in a large, population-based, multi-ethnic adult population with a mean age of 44 years old. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study estimating the prevalence of pectus in adults.Item Trafficking in Medical Education: The TIME is Now(2020) Lindsley, Joshua; Beeson, Jeffrey; Ingram, Aubrey; Reynolds, Conner; Steffel, Eric; Beck, Brooke; Grant, Kelley; Turnbow, Austin; Biavati, Mikaela; Guillette, Jill; Freudenberger, JacobAccording to the International Labor Organization (ILO) and Walk Free Foundation, there are an estimated 24.9 million individuals enslaved by human trafficking practices around the world. The United States government predicts that 600,000-800,000 new individuals are trafficked across international borders each year, earning criminal organizations approximately $150 billion annually. The physical and mental health impacts of human trafficking have been well documented by previous research. It is common for human trafficking victims to come into contact with healthcare providers during all phases of their victimization. This puts healthcare workers in a unique position to identify human trafficking victims and practice informed care when dealing with victims of human trafficking. Trafficking in Medical Education (TIME) is a non-profit organization that seeks to help eliminate human trafficking by the 2050 through educating the healthcare workforce. To do this, with the help of UnBound, we have held training sessions with up-to-date research on intervention strategies to 500 medical students across Texas since 2018. We seek to continue such training until we are able to reach all Texas medical schools yearly. We have also reached out to local, regional, and state government representatives in an effort to expand our educational efforts across undergraduate medical education. We plan to design two research initiatives to assess current human trafficking education in osteopathic medical students through surveying Council of Osteopathic Student Government Presidents' (COSGP) representatives from each school and emergency medical technicians through Agency & Regional Medical Directors.