General Public Health
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/21686
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Browsing General Public Health by Author "Dodgen, Leilani"
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Item Association Between Education Level and Spiritual Health Locus of Control(2017-03-14) Dodgen, Leilani; Mandapati, Surendra; Kitzman-Ulrich, Heather; Mamun, Md Abdullah; Gant, Kisa; Eke, IkeObjective: For observers to be able to understand the possible link between educational attainment and active versus passive spirituality. Background: Spirituality is a core pillar within the African American (AA) community. It has permeated many facets of black culture over time, and has shaped the black experience. Previous studies have found that individuals with more spirituality were more likely to pursue higher education. However, little is known on how education attainment influences spiritual health locus of control (e.g., how God plays a role in your health). Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from a baseline survey administered to participants in Cohort 1 and 2 of the Better Me Within Program. Participants were stratified as high education (college degree or above) or low education (high school degree or below) based on self-report. Spiritual health locus of control was evaluated with the spiritual health locus of control survey, and responses were calculated to create an active (God empowers individuals to be proactive about their health) and passive (God has control over an individuals health) spiritual health locus of control and active or passive spirituality based on survey responses. Analysis method used was the non-parametric Wilcoxin test. Results: 145 AA women with a BMI [greater than] 25 participated (mean age=49.6, SD=11.65). The Wilcoxin test demonstrated a higher mean passive spirituality score higher in the lower education group as compared to the higher education group (u=3.05 low education, u=1.27 high education; p Conclusions: Passive health locus of control has been associated with poorer health behaviors. Individuals with lower educational attainment are at a higher risk for health issues and may lack access to healthcare. The additional belief that God control’s ones health, e.g., a passive spiritual health locus of control, may contribute to these health disparities.Item Association of Sedentary Behavior with Salivary Estradiol Level Among African-american Women Who Are Overweight(2017-03-14) Kitzman-Ulrich, Heather; Dodgen, Leilani; Mandapati, Surendra; Gant, Kisa; Eke, Ikechukwu; Mamun, Md AbdullahPurpose: Recent studies have reported that sedentary behavior may have multiple adverse health outcomes in adults, and is related to elevated levels of estradiol that are associated with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. A growing body of research has assessed the association of sedentary behavior with estradiol levels, however, few studies have been in African-American (AA) overweight women who are disproportionally diagnosed with cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the association of self-reported sedentary behavior of AA overweight women with salivary estradiol level. Methods: We recruited 263 AA overweight (BMI [greater than] 25, mean BMI 36.8 (SD 8.5), mean age 49.4 (SD 11.6) years) women from a faith-based weight reduction program from 2014-2016 in Dallas, Texas. Approximately 4mL of saliva was collected over four consecutive weeks. Saliva was stored in a sub 800C freezer and sent to a lab to assay. Weekly sedentary behavior was collected with a valid and reliable survey for weekdays and weekends that included hours of sitting to watch television, working on the computer, riding in a car, bus, or train, and other sitting practices. We used Pearson’s-correlation and linear models to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted association of sedentary behavior with estradiol level. Results: Average weekly sedentary time was 40.6 hours (SD = 17.5). The range of estradiol level was 0.50 pg/mL to 3.50 pg/mL with mean 1.13 pg/mL (SD = 0.55). Sedentary time was positively associated with estradiol level (correlation coefficient = 0.18, p2= 8.4%, p Conclusions: Self-reported sedentary hours for AA overweight women were less than the national average (5.8 hours in this study vs. 7.7 hours nationally, per day). We found that sedentary time was a predictive factor for estradiol level, and higher sedentary time was associated with elevated estradiol levels. Future research should further explore how sedentary behavior and elevated estradiol levels influence cancer risk in AA women.Item Characteristics of Physical Activity among African American women in the Better Me Within Program(2017-03-14) Taskin, Tanjila; Iqbal, Ahmed; Kitzman-Ulrich, Heather PhD; Dodgen, LeilaniBackground: African American (AA) women experience the highest rates of obesity at 57.2% compared to other groups in the United States (38.2% white women, 46.9% Hispanic women); and have the lowest levels of physical activity with only 30% of adult AA women meeting national aerobic guidelines compared to 44% of white women. Physical fitness is an important driver of health and may be even more critical than weight loss for improving health and longevity. A recent study demonstrated that individuals with good cardiorespiratory fitness, even with a BMI in the overweight or obese category (BMI [greater than] 25), had similar mortality rates to people whose BMI was in a healthy range (BMI Methods: Data were collected from participants in the BMW program (2013-2016). Variables were explored from five domains at baseline and 16 weeks to assess the relationship with physical activity (total weekly minutes) including: 1) Demographic characteristics (age, education, number of children, marital status, income, insurance); 2) Existing medical conditions (weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI), cholesterol levels, waist circumference, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1C, and fasting glucose); 3) Health behaviors (smoking, drinking, sedentary time); 4) Mental conditions (body appreciation, physical activity and nutrition self-efficacy, confidence for exercise, mood, stress, and motivation for eating and exercise); and 5) Diet (fruit intake, vegetable intake, total calories, total fat, total carbohydrates, and total protein). Results: A total of 221 AA women were randomized to intervention or control (mean age=48.8+11.2; mean BMI=36.7+8.4; 52% technical or high school). There is a hypothesized positive effect expected between the intervention and physical activity between baseline and 16 week measures. Variables are being assessed through correlations and regressions to determine the effects on physical activity using SAS (version 9.4). The results will be expanded upon proper analysis. Conclusions: Increasing physical activity among AA women is critical to improving long term health and risk for chronic disease. This study will provide information to improve evidence-based lifestyle programs for AA women.