Browsing by Author "Smith, John"
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Item Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis and its potential comorbidities in pediatric patients – a case study.(2019-03-05) Basha, Riyaz; Bowman, Paul; Hamby, Tyler; Smith, JohnBackground: Mastocytosis is the pathologic proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in various tissues of the body. There are different forms of mastocytosis that can present in pediatric patients including systemic (SM), cutaneous (CM) and diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM). Both the CM and DCM forms have the potential to progress into SM as the patient reaches adulthood. Mastocytosis has been shown to be comorbid with joint pathologies including Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions such as eosinophilic esophagitis. The greatest risk among patients with mastocytosis is anaphylaxis. Case information:A13-week-old male presented to his primary care physician with erythematous spots on his torso and arms, and was diagnosed with eczema. The spots grew and transformed morphologically over the next month and a referral to dermatology was made. Upon biopsy of the original lesion (on the torso), the diagnosis of DCM was made. Over the coming months, symptoms progressed and comorbidities—including joint hypermobility (diagnosed with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), dysphagia and diarrhea—arose. The patient broke his distal radius while crawling, due to his mast cell disorder and severe vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions: In most children with DCM, symptoms will partially or fully resolve by adolescence. But for some patients, the disease can progress to SM. Numerous comorbidities can occur, as did in this case. Current treatment strategies are wide ranging, from topical glucocorticoids to specialized UV radiating therapy. The specific approaches to this disease are still being understood, with recent investigations into immunological treatment modalities. The individuality of each case is crucial for health care professionals to recognize.Item EXERCISE AND CANCER: A LITERATURE REVIEW(2013-04-12) Smith, JohnPurpose: A comprehensive review of the literature regarding the effects on exercise in cancer prevention and treatment, with the goal of elucidating non-pharmacological interventions for the possible prevention and treatment of this disease. Methods: A comprehensive literature search up to January 2013 to identify articles that examine the the effects of physical exercise and its use in prevention and treatment of cancer. Key words included: exercise, cancer, prevention, physical activity, treatment, and neoplasm. Searches were preformed using databases of PubMed, Cochrane library, CINAHL, and cancer lit. Results: The majority of research conducted with regards to breast, colon, prostate, and endometrial cancers has shown a reduction of 20 to 30% depending on the type and stage of cancer. Other cancers have seen inconsistent results, warranting the need for additional research in the development of an exercise prescription. Non-pharmacological treatment using exercise as an adjuvant therapy to the current standard of care has demonstrated to be beneficial. However, inconsistencies with respects to intensity, duration and type of exercise for cancer patients have fueled the debate as to the most effective exercise prescription for this disease process. Conclusions: The many epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies published have demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and frequency of various types of cancer. These studies further substantiate the benefits and ultimately the need for specific directives for an exercise prescription to aide in the treatment of cancer.