Browsing by Subject "Cardiorespiratory fitness"
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Item Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Women, ACLS 1970-1994(1999-12-01) Braun, LeeAnn; Sally Blakley; Antonio A. ReneBraun, LeeAnn, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Women, Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, 1970-1994. Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), December, 1999, 44 p.p., 9 tables, references, 24 titles. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index are related to morbidity and mortality (Manson, 1996). There is a preponderance of evidence supporting this relation in men (Gibbons, 1983; Blair, 1989, 1995, 1996; Lee, I, 1993; Barlow, 1995; Kampert, 1996; Dorn, 1997; Lee, C, 1999). The evaluation of the stated risk factors have been virtually unexplored in a cohort of women. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness attenuate the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight and obese women. In this prospective study, the study population consisted of 7572 women ages 20-89 years, who had a medical examination and achieved at least 85% of their age-adjusted maximal heart rate during a maximal treadmill test were followed for 69,979 woman-years. After adjustment for age, exam year, health status and smoking status, unfit women had a higher risk for all-cause mortality across BMI categories [RR 1.70 95% CI (1.18, 2.43)]. The benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness significantly decrease the risk of all-cause mortality in women as the concurrent consideration of cardiorespiratory fitness.Item Effects of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Serum Ferritin Concentration and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS)(2008-05-01) Le, Tuan D.; Sejong Bae; Karan Singh; Steven BlairLe, Tuan D., Effects of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Serum Ferritin Concentration and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Student (ACLS). Doctor of Public Health (Clinical Research). May 2008, 114 pp., 12 tables, 8 figures, bibliography, 68 titles. Recent studies suggest that an elevated serum ferritin concentration is considered an independent factor associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is inversely associated with diabetes. Using secondary data from Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study at the Cooper Institute, Dallas, Texas, the author explored the association between serum ferritin levels and diabetes, CRF and diabetes, and the effect of CRF on the association between serum ferritin levels and diabetes. A cross-sectional study and a longitudinal cohort study were used. In the cross-sectional study, an increased CRF level found to be associated with a decreased serum ferritin concentration and a lowered prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Participants with high ferritin levels and high triglyceride levels were 1.89 and 1.57 times more likely to have diabetes respectively. Overweight or obese individuals were 1.35 to 1.40 times more likely to have diabetes. Participants with a family history of diabetes were 3.69 times more likely to have diabetes. Participants in the highest CRF quintile levels were 40% and 15% less likely to have type 2 diabetes among persons with normal and high blood glucose, respectively. In the prospective cohort study, it was found that serum ferritin might predict the development of type 2 diabetes in males and high serum ferritin concentration levels. The incidence rate among males increased with serum ferritin quartile (ptrend [less than] 0.05). A reduction of serum ferritin concentration was associated with a reduction of diabetes risk in those participating in physical activity. It suggests physicians might use patients' serum ferritin concentrations as a marker for predicting risk for new-onset diabetes and patients should be encouraged to participate in physical activities.Item The Effects of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index on the Development of Osteoarthritis in Women(2001-05-01) Hathwar, Supriya; Sally Blakley; Steven Blair; Antonio ReneHathwar, Supriya, The Effect of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index on the Development of Osteoarthritis in Women, (ACLS 1970-1999). Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), May, 35 pp., 6 tables, references, 48 titles. Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and knee is one of the most important causes of pain and disability affecting nearly 21 million people in the United States. Obesity is one of the primary causes of secondary osteoarthritis especially of the hip and knee. (Felson, 1992). The aim of this prospective cohort study is to determine whether higher levels of CRF reduce the risk of development of OA in women across different body mass index (BMI) levels. The study population consisted of 3847 women, ages 20-87, examined at the Cooper Clinic, Dallas, Texas between 1970 and 1999. There were 379 cases of physician-diagnosed OA during 31,657 woman-years of follow-up. After adjustment for age, exam year and health status, obesity and overweight were found to be significant predictors of OA in women. At all levels of CRF, the odds of developing OA increase as weight increases. In the overweight category, the odds of developing OA are 80% higher among the low-fit women [OR=1.8,95% CI (1.1-3.1)], and 60% higher among the moderately fit women [OR=1.6,95%CI (1.0-2.3)] compared to high fit, normal weight women. In the obese category, the low-fit and the high fit women had the same odds of developing OA (OR=2.6), while moderately fit women had lower odds of developing OA (OR=1.7). These data suggest that CRF is not a consistent predictor for development of OA in women.