Browsing by Subject "Forensics"
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Item Allele Characterization of Fifteen Short Tandem Repeat Loci of North American Golden (Aquila Chysaetos) and Bald (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Eagles using Next-Generation Sequencing(2014-05-01) Howard, Taylor E.; John PlanzBald and golden eagles are species of conservation concern in North America, and are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA; 16 U.S.C. 668-668d). Wildlife forensics utilizes short tandem repeat (STR) loci for identification purposes, however the loci currently used for bald and golden eagle in North America were developed from related species of European eagles. In this study, STR loci were sequenced using the Ion Torrent™ Personal Genome Machine (PGM™) Sequencer® (Life Technologies™, Carlsbad, CA) to characterize the alleles (e.g. the repeat motifs, presence of SNPs and indels). These methods were used to evaluate the discriminatory power of the loci for individualization and for species differentiation.Item Compiling an Autosomal and Y Chromosomal DNA Database for the Country of Sri Lanka.(2009-08-01) Cherian, Holly; Warren, JosephThe purpose of this project was to compile an autosomal STR and Y chromosomal STR DNA database for Sri Lanka. Profiles from previous processing that are not interpretable will be redone. Additionally, on 10% of the samples a concordance study was conducted to check for reliability. The results proved to be concordant. Testing for Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium was conducted on the autosomal data. The database demonstrated to be in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium, no linkage disequilibrium was observed, and there was no evidence of inbreeding present. A report was generated including tables of autosomal STR allele frequencies and summary of Y-STR haplotypes. Y-chromosomal haplotypes were reported and the population shows high genetic diversity with 168 haplotypes present.Item Effects of Amicon Ultra-4 Centrifugal Devices on DNA Yield From Bone Samples and Effects of Amplicon Rx Post-PCR Treatment onRelative Florescence Units Obtained During Capillary Electrophoresis(2014-05-01) Amiel, Marie B.; Arthur EisenbergThe ability to recover DNA and perform DNA analysis from skeletal remains is a valuable tool for identification of missing persons and unidentified remains. DNA extraction from bone often yields low levels of DNA, which can inhibit analysis and impact genetic profiles. Efficient recovery of DNA from bones is therefore vital. In this study, three molecular weight cut-off columns were evaluated. The Amicon® 10,000 NMWL filter device proved to be most efficient at retaining amplifiable DNA and obtaining optimal genetic analysis results. Additionally, the ability of Amplicon RxTM, a post-PCR treatment, to improve genetic profiles by providing a boost in RFUs obtained during capillary electrophoresis was evaluated.Item Forensic Chemistry(Edward Arnold & Co., 1921-01-01) Lucas, A.Item Identification of Unknown PCR Products Generated During STR Analysis of Bone Samples(2013-05-01) Koehn, Alyssa R; Bruce BudowleSTR typing of DNA extracted from bone samples exhibited additional amplified products with the PowerPlex® 16 HS Kit (Promega Corp., Madison, WI) and the Identifiler® Plus Amplification kit (Life Technologies, Foster City, CA). Microbial DNA found in soil that is co-extracted and amplified with the human DNA from bones may be the source of the artifacts seen during the STR analysis of the DNA samples. This project tested the hypothesis that the additional PCR products found in the STR analysis of DNA derived from bone samples are microbial or fungal in origin. This study has demonstrated that amplification of soil samples with an STR kit can produce artifacts, similar to those seen in the bone samples. A protocol was developed to isolate the artifact products. Attempts were made to Sequence the amplified PCR product; however, no sequencing results have been obtained, further experiments continue to attempt to generate sequencing results.Item Legal Medicine and Toxicology(D. Appleton-Century Company Incorporated, 1937-01-01) Vance, Morgan; Helpern, Milton; Martland, Harrison; Gonzales, ThomasItem Legal Medicine and Toxicology Volume 1(W.B. Saunders and Company, 1923-01-01) Haines, Walter; Webster, Ralph; Peterson, FredrickItem Legal Medicine and Toxicology Volume 2(W.B. Saunders and Company, 1923-01-01) Haines, Walter; Webster, Ralph; Peterson, FredrickItem Medical Jurisprudence: Forensic Medicine and Toxicology(1906-01-01) Becker, Tracy; Witthaus, R.Item Multiplex of INDELs for Human Identification Markers(2016-05-01) Sage, Kelly A.; Bobby L. LaRue; Patricia A. Gwirtz; Kunlin JinForensic scientists commonly use short tandem repeat (STR) loci when comparing an evidentiary profile to that of a reference profile. In commercially available STR kits, the amplified products tend to range from 100- 500 base pairs (bp) in length. For genomic DNA of degraded biological samples, the fragments are usually 180-200bps or less. Therefore, degraded biological samples may not produce a full STR profile. Another viable option has been proposed to enable successful typing of some degraded DNA samples. Insertion/ deletion (INDEL) polymorphisms are intergenic regions of the genome in which amplified products can be smaller in length than most STRs. Using highly discriminating markers is desirable to distinguish individuals. A multiplex panel of human identification (HID) INDEL markers that can individualize people would be beneficial. This project tested the hypothesis that INDELs, which can be used to identify individuals with high discriminatory power, can be developed as a multiplex PCR approach. To test this hypothesis, primers were designed and multiplexed together to amplify specific INDELs that have been previously identified to be suitable for human identity testing purposes.Item ParaDNA: A Novel Instrument for Presumptive DNA Analysis(2018-05) Moussa, Ola; Warren, Joseph E.; Allen, Michael S.; Staub, Rick W.; Millar, J. CameronCurrent methods for human identification are time consuming and can take weeks to complete, leading to a backlog of evidence needing to be processed and a slowdown in investigations. The ParaDNA[R] Instrument is designed to address this issue using the Screening and Intelligence Systems which can detect the relative amount of DNA in an evidence item, and analyze 5 short tandem repeats (STRs) and Amelogenin, respectively [3]. The Instrument uses HyBeacons[R] which target specific STRs to identify the presence of DNA, and detect STR alleles. This is a validation of the ParaDNA[R] Screening and Intelligence Systems using saliva and blood samples to assess the sensitivity and reliability of the instrument. The data collected using the ParaDNA[R] Instrument show that it can reliably identify the relative amount of DNA in a sample, and display useful STR profiles that are 99% concordant with Qiagen Investigator 24Plex QS STR Kits.