Browsing by Subject "Medical Education"
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Item A Mixed Methods Approach to the Definition of Family Health Promotion Practices for Mexican Sonoran Mothers(2006-12-01) Montiel-Carbajal, Maria Martha; Sue LurieMontiel-Carbajal, Maria M., A Mixed Methods Approach to the Definition of Family Health Promotion Practices for Mexican Sonoran Mothers. Doctor of Public Health (Social and Behavioral Sciences), December 2006, 143 pp., 14 tables, 1 illustration, bibliography, 55 titles. The purpose of this research was to study the family health promotion practices of a sample of Mexican mothers living in the state of Sonora Mexico through a concurrent mixed method approach that included (1) a qualitative component with face to face and in-depth interviews, investigator observations, and analysis of content; (2) a quantitative component consisting of statistical analysis of data from selected selections of the National Survey for the Evaluation of Health Services 2002-2003. For the qualitative component 15 mothers, with mean age of 40 years, mean years of education of 10 years, living with their families were selected to form a purposive sample, and assigned to one of three groups: married working mothers, non-married working mothers, or married non-working mothers. The qualitative component was naturalistic and descriptive using semi-structured interviews with the mothers, and individual questionnaires to collect demographic and housing information. The quantitative component used the survey responses provided by the database of the National Survey for the Evaluation of Health Services 2002-2003, from 404 female adults age 18 and older, living in the urban zone of Sonora. The qualitative component showed that mothers conceptualize the health status of the family as a priority. The specific practices they use depend on the set of external resources and internal strengths of the family in order to overcome the physical, environmental, relational, or economic barriers they found to the promotion of health practices. The participants also reported being unsatisfied with the access and quality of the social health care system. The data from the quantitative component showed that Mexican Sonoran women living in the urban area reported having good health and felt satisfied with their health status; their satisfaction with the social health care system was fair. The group of non-married working mothers was detected to be more at risk for cardiovascular diseases due to a greater proportion of smokers and drinking paired with low amount of exercise. The results provided valuable information to formulate health promotion programs and future policies to be implemented with the target population.Item A Novel Curriculum: Integrating Anatomy, Osteopathic Principles and Practice, and Clinical skills.(2011-05-01) Colston, John S.; Cruser, des AngesThe purpose of this project was to create and test a novel curricular model integrating anatomy, osteopathic principles and practice, and clinical skills. The curricular model was created through collaborative effort with a multi-discipline advisory group. The model’s effectiveness was assessed in two separate learning events involving medical students and pre-medical students. Knowledge assessments and opinion surveys distributed pre and post-learning event demonstrated a positive trend toward knowledge acquisition and support of the curricular model. Implementation of the novel curriculum was successful, producing desired learning outcomes and demonstrating the value of integrating clinical context with basic sciences. Further research and implementation of a more complete version of the model is warranted.Item A Sun Awareness Pilot Project(2002-05-01) Franklin, Gillian A.; Claudia Coggin; Kristine A. Lykens; Doug A. MainsFranklin, Gillian A., A Sun Awareness Pilot Project. Masters of Public Health (Health Management and Policy), May 2002, 53 pp., 7 tables, bibliography, 48 titles. The most common cancer in the United States today is skin cancer; it is also the most preventable. At least 90% of all skin cancers is caused by sun exposure. Americans have a one in six lifetime risk of developing skin cancer and in Texas the rate is one in three. The purpose of this pilot project was to increase the level of sun protection knowledge and awareness in parents who brought their children in for a six-month immunization visit. The project was modeled after the Australian Cancer Council’s “Slip! Slop! Slap!” campaign. Data was collected from five pediatric clinics in this pretest/posttest design study. Multiple variables regarding demographics, skin type, knowledge, beliefs, sun-protective practices, and attitudes were included. Overall, parental sun protective knowledge and awareness increased. The information obtained from this pilot project may influence future public health decisions regarding education and prevention of skin cancers.Item Adams, Robert, D.O.(1994-03-25) Adams, Robert; Hailey, BlakeDr. Robert Adams began as a faculty member for TCOM in September of 1984 and held the position of Associate Professor and Chairman for the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology. He relates the history of the OB-GYN department and the future of the health science center. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, March 25, 1994Item An Analysis of Osteoporosis-Related Hip Fractures, Using Hospital Discharge Data(2001-12-01) Rubin, Bernard; Antonio A. Rene; Douglas Mains; Muriel MarshallThe purpose of this study is to assess whether a current physician practice may inadequately diagnose osteoporosis in a high risk population of postmenopausal women who have sustained a hip fracture. A review of all patients discharged from Texas hospitals during calendar year 1999 was analyzed, using the Public Use Data File provided through the Texas Health Care Information Council. A total of 13,628 women over the age of 55 were admitted to hospital with a fractured hip. Only 2,233, or 16.3%, of women were also coded with the diagnosis of osteoporosis (P [less than] 0.001). Forty to fifty percent of postmenopausal women have osteoporosis. Therefore, women presenting with a fragility fracture form an even more at-risk subset of the population, such that one would expect a majority of these women to carry a diagnosis of osteoporosis. Percentages of Caucasian, non-Hispanic women in each group were comparable. The age distribution in each group was comparable, implying that the coded diagnosis of osteoporosis was not related to the age of the women when admitted to the hospital. In conclusion, physicians practicing in Texas during calendar year 1999 inadequately diagnosed osteoporosis in a high risk population of postmenopausal women who were admitted to hospital with fractured hip. Future analysis of subsequent analysis databases will be able to identify whether or not continuing medical education efforts will cause physicians to diagnose osteoporosis in this high risk population more frequently.Item AN INTEGRATED STRATEGY TO PROMOTE HIGHER ORDER THINKING AND REDUCE COGNITIVE DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS THROUGH PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT EDUCATION(2013-04-12) Tshuma, LisaPurpose: Diagnostic errors are more likely to result in patient harm than other types of medical errors and are frequently preventable. The primary causes of diagnostic error are breakdowns in our health care systems, clinical reasoning or both. Although significant effort has been placed in developing health care system solutions, relatively little has been done to mitigate the common causes of breakdown in clinical reasoning such as failed perception, implicit bias and failed heuristics. Our project employed a set of active and reflective learning activities in the MPAS 5242 course designed to provide physician assistant (PA) students with tools to reduce cognitive diagnostic errors in clinical practice. Methods: An integrated teaching approach centered on five strategies to decrease diagnostic cognitive error was employed. These strategies include Cognitive Dispositions to Respond (CDR) awareness, consideration of alternatives, metacognition, simulation and decreased reliance on memory. Students were introduced to CDRs through lectures and assigned readings including the book How Doctors Think. Students completed pre-class online quizzes to prepare them for interactive lectures and small group activities, including small group skits. Students completed weekly online Implicit Associations Tests to help them identify subconscious biases that may contribute to cognitive diagnostic errors. Finally, students wrote a reflection paper to synthesize their learning experience. Fifteen reflection papers were randomly selected and evaluated by 2 raters using a rubric measuring students' ability identify potential cognitive errors, analyze the reason(s) they were likely to commit the errors, and apply strategies to avoid future similar errors. To achieve inter-rater reliability, the two raters independently rated the 15 samples, and then met to resolve any discrepancies. Results: Overall, the results showed that students achieved a satisfactory outcome, which was shown by their mean scores in the three parts of the rubric: 2.8 out of 3.0 in the ability to identify cognitive errors, 3.5 out of 5.0 in the ability to analyze potential errors, and 3.0 out of 5.0 in their ability to formulate strategies to prevent the errors. Conclusions: The integrated teaching strategy was effective promoting higher order thinking by providing PA students with tools to reduce cognitive diagnostic errors in their clinical practicums and future clinical practice.Item Anatomical Variation of the Inferior Mesenteric Vein’s Drainage Pattern(2015-05-01) Zilaie, Mina; Claire Kirchhoff; Rustin E. Reeves; Patricia A. GwirtzThe purpose of this project is to report the variable drainage pattern of the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) as reported by medical students’ observations recorded on anatomical variation data sheets (n = 192). A meta-analysis on the drainage pattern of the inferior mesenteric vein as described in various anatomy resources was conducted (n = 40). The inferior mesenteric vein was observed to drain into the splenic vein, the superior mesenteric vein, and the junction between the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein. Anatomy resources do not commonly report all three drainage sites. It is imperative that all these common drainage sites of the inferior mesenteric vein are stated in anatomy resources, so that students are taught realistic human anatomy including its common variations.Item Ankele, Felix(1994-02-22) Ankele, Felix; Hailey, BlakeFelix Ankele was an active member of the Fort Worth community. Mr. Ankele was a member of the Executive Committee of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce and also a member for the Endowment Board of the Health Care of Texas. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, February 22, 1994Item Baum, Elmer C., D.O.(1989-10-05) Baum, Elmer C.; Stokes, C. RayAn Austin, Texas general practitioner since the mid-forties, Dr. Baum was responsible in part for TCOM’s success in receiving financial aid from the State of Texas. His political influence, as private physician to Governor Preston Smith, proved especially beneficial during the early years, 1966 to 1975. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, October 5, 1989.Item Blackwell, Deborah, D.O.(1994-03-31) Blackwell, Deborah; Hailey, BlakeDr. Blackwell, a graduate of TCOM, joined as a faculty member for the department of Pediatrics in 1989. She eventually became Assistant Dean for Clinical Affairs and discusses her work with OMCT and the school. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, March 31, 1994Item Brownell, Blaine, Ph.D(1994-02-28) Brownell, Blaine; Hailey, BlakeUNT Provost, Dr. Brownell, discusses his background, his take on the collaboration between North Texas and TCOM and TCOM's transition into the Health Science Center. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, February 28, 1994Item Buchanan, Sam, D.O.(1992-10-21) Buchanan, Sam; Stokes, C. RayDr. Buchanan, a member of TCOM's 2nd graduating class, served as Chairman of the Surgery Department. He shares highlights from his school days and his hopes for the surgery department. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, October 21, 1992Item Burnett, John H., D.O. and Burnett, Mary M., D.O.(1989-08-31) Burnett, John H.; Burnett, Mary M.; Stokes, C. RayThe Burnett’s are a husband and wife team of Dallas general practitioners. A past president of the American Osteopathic Association and the Texas Osteopathic Medical Association, John was a member of TCOM’s initial board of directors and served on its executive committee as chairman of house and grounds. Mary also has been active in the profession, having served as president of the American College of General Practitioners in Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, August 31, 1989.Item Carlton, Catherine K., D.O.(1989-02-23) Carlton, Catherine K.; Stokes, C. RayDr. Carlton, daughter of osteopathic physician parents, was the first chairman of the TCOM Department of osteopathic principles, practices, and philosophy. She has practiced in the same Fort Worth location since 1938 as a general practitioner. Dr. Carlton, a past president of the Academy of Applied Osteopathy, shares her experience during the initial years of TCOM. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, February 23, 1989.Item Clearfield, Michael, D.O.(1994-02-22) Clearfield, Michael; Hailey, BlakeDr. Clearfield, Chairman of the Department of Medicine, began at TCOM in 1979. He discusses his long career with TCOM, his research and his thoughts on the school's future. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, February 22, 1994Item Coffelt, Kenneth M.(1989-07-18) Coffelt, Kenneth M.; Stokes, C. RayMr. Coffelt established the biomedical communications department in 1974 and served as its director until 1986. From 1976 to 1986, he served as assistant to the president, performing the duties of equal employment officer, safety officer, and construction coordinator for the three major buildings constructed on the TCOM campus. Mr. Coffelt served as assistant vice-president for administrative affairs from 1986 until his retirement in 1992. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, July 18, 1989.Item Cohen, Benjamin L., D.O.(1993-12-20) Cohen, Benjamin L.; Hailey, BlakeDr. Cohen, Executive Dean and Vice President of Heath Administration, discusses the school's progress and plans for the future. Interviewed by Blake Hailey, December 20, 1993Item Coy, Marion E., D.O.(1981-01-01) Coy, Marion E.; Stokes, C. RayThe founding president of TCOM, Dr. Coy came to TCOM in March 1972 as dean and chief administrative officer. He graduated from Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine in 1938 and then served as a general practitioner in Jackson, Tenn., for the next 33 years. A past president of the American Osteopathic Association, Dr. Coy headed the college until it became a state-supported institution in September 1975. From 1975 until his retirement in 1983, he served as professor of osteopathic philosophy, principles, and practice. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, Spring and Summer 1981.Item Cunniff, Nelda, D.O.(1985-11-05) Cunniff, Nelda; Stokes, C. RayAfter her career as an R.N., Dr. Cunniff entered TCOM as the only female student in its first graduating class (1974). She describes her 10 years of semi-rural general practice in Burleson, Texas. Dr. Cunniff serves on the board of the TCOM Foundation and is active in the TCOM Alumni Association. Interviewed by C. Ray Stokes, November 5, 1985.Item Development of the Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): Preliminary Results(2002-05-01) Russo, David P.Russo, David P., Development of the Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): Preliminary Results. Master of Public Health, May 2002, 11 pp., 2 tables, bibliography, 19 titles. Little is known about how student attitudes toward osteopathic principles and practice (OPP) develop and evolve over the course of their osteopathic medical education. Interviews were conducted with osteopathic medical students, osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) residents, fellows, and physician specialists. These interviews were summarized in a 39-item instrument administered to 127 students at the completion of their core OMM rotation at UNTHSC-TCOM. Factor analysis of student responses to the 39 candidate items yielded two interpretable factors. 14 of the original 39 statements were eliminated and the smaller second factor was dropped. Factor 1 contained items reflecting both positive and negative attitudes toward the application OPP in patient care, medical education, and professional distinctiveness. Two internal consistency estimates of reliability were computer for the revised 25-item ATOPPS. Estimates for the split-half coefficients for part 1 were .89, for part 2 was .87; the Spearman-Brown coefficient alpha was .93