Browsing by Subject "NHANES"
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Item Association Between Breastfeeding and Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study(2003-08-01) Trombley, Ann M.; Manuel Bayona; Raghbir SandhuTrombley, Ann M., Association Between Breastfeeding and Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study. Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), August 2003, 17 pp., 12 tables, bibliography, 54 titles. Controversy has surrounded the topic of breastfeeding and if it provides a protective effect against childhood asthma. The objective of this study was to assess whether a relationship exists between breastfeeding and childhood asthma. This study also examined several significant predictors of childhood asthma. A cross-sectional study was conducted using NHANES 1999-2000 data to identify and assess the crude and multivariate associations between the above mentioned variables and asthma and the effect that breastfeeding has on these relationships. Prevalence of asthma in this study was 12.5 per 100. Mexican Americans were found to have a protective association with the development of asthma. A strong protective association was found for those who were breastfed and the development of childhood asthma (OR=0.693, p-value=0.014).Item ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERFLUORONONANOIC ACID (PFNA) AND THYROID HORMONE LEVELS IN THE U.S. POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF NHANES DATA, 2007-2008(2014-03) Hall, Lauren R.; Cannell, Brad J.; Felini, MarthaPFNA is found in a wide array of consumer products, food, water, and air. Levels of PFNA in the environment continue to increase, and can accumulate over a lifetime. Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating major processes of the human body. Decreasing levels of thyroid hormones could potentially interfere with essential metabolic processes. Results of this study help researchers better understand the levels of serum PFNA found in the U.S. general population, and adds to the growing body of knowledge of PFNA in relation to thyroid hormone levels. Purpose (a): Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are widely used in many consumer products and have been linked with thyroid hormone disruption. Most studies have focused on perfluorooctonoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposures and thyroid hormone levels, but perfluoronananoic acid (PFNA) has shown to be associated with thyroid hormone levels in animal studies. More human studies are needed to assess PFNA in relation to thyroid hormone levels. We assessed the association between serum PFNA levels and serum thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4, and TSH) in the adult U.S general population. Methods (b): We analyzed data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for participants 20 years of age and older. Sex-specific multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the association between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and thyroid hormone measures of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), separately, while adjusting for age, race, and BMI. Results (c): Higher concentrations of PFNA were found in males (males = 1.95 ng/mL and females = 1.60 ng/mL). There were statistically significant negative relationships with PFNA and T3 (p = 0.0013) and T4 (p = 0.0381) among males, after adjustment for age, race, and BMI, indicating that gender may be an effect modifier. Conclusions (d): PFNA is associated with decreasing T3 and T4 levels in males. However, there have been no consistent findings of an association between PFNA levels and thyroid hormone levels in previous studies. More evidence and research is needed to determine specific implications of PFNA exposure and thyroid function.Item Periodontal Health and the Perception of Treatment Versus Actual Treatment Needs Based on NHANES 2003-2004(2009-05-01) Hinson, Amanda M.; Bae, SejongPeriodontal disease is a silent and neglected epidemic which is in the spotlight of health disparities of the US. The aim is to determine trends of periodontal disease and patients’ perceived need of periodontal treatment versus the reality of treatment needs based on NHANES 2003-2004 data. Datasets were merged, analyzed and reported utilizing demographic information, periodontal examination and oral health questionnaire. Non- Hispanic Whites have the highest frequencies of periodontal disease rather than the previously highest Non-Hispanic Blacks. Based on perception of treatment needs 35.62% believed they did not need treatment when clinical findings indicated a need for NSPT, whereas only 12.23% perceived they needed NSPT which coincided with clinical findings.