Browsing by Subject "Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases"
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Item A Sun Awareness Pilot Project(2002-05-01) Franklin, Gillian A.; Claudia Coggin; Kristine A. Lykens; Doug A. MainsFranklin, Gillian A., A Sun Awareness Pilot Project. Masters of Public Health (Health Management and Policy), May 2002, 53 pp., 7 tables, bibliography, 48 titles. The most common cancer in the United States today is skin cancer; it is also the most preventable. At least 90% of all skin cancers is caused by sun exposure. Americans have a one in six lifetime risk of developing skin cancer and in Texas the rate is one in three. The purpose of this pilot project was to increase the level of sun protection knowledge and awareness in parents who brought their children in for a six-month immunization visit. The project was modeled after the Australian Cancer Council’s “Slip! Slop! Slap!” campaign. Data was collected from five pediatric clinics in this pretest/posttest design study. Multiple variables regarding demographics, skin type, knowledge, beliefs, sun-protective practices, and attitudes were included. Overall, parental sun protective knowledge and awareness increased. The information obtained from this pilot project may influence future public health decisions regarding education and prevention of skin cancers.Item Characterization of MRSA Infection at Childrens Medical Center, Dallas, January 2005-June 2005(2006-05-01) Okoro, Ngozi M.; Raghbir Sandhu; Claudia S. Coggin; Sejong BaeOkoro, Ngozi M., Characterization of MRSA infection at Childrens Medical Center, Dallas, January 2005-June 2005. Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), May 2006, 33p., 14 tables, 10 illustrations, bibliography, 13 titles. MRSA infection is increasingly emerging in patients without the established risk factors hence the term CAMRSA. This study is a descriptive secondary data analysis from an ongoing study at UTSM/CMCD and describes the CMCD patients with MRSA infection. Data analysis showed a consistent increase in the incidence rate of the infection with slight female preponderance. Race distribution showed that blacks were the majority. Most children were less than 2years, used Medicaid, had superficial infections and community-acquired infections. All (100%) isolates were susceptible to Vancomycin and Linezolid while many (92.2%) were resistant to Erythromycin. The increasing incidence in CAMRSA infection remains a challenge for public health professionals and the resistant pattern a potential problem to the pharmaceuticals.Item Education of Parents of Newborns with Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate by Healthcare Professionals in Texas Hospitals(2005-05-01) Schimmoller, Mary V.; Sue LurieSchimmoller, Mary V. Education of Parents of Newborns with Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate by Healthcare Professionals in Texas Hospitals. Master of Public Health (Community Health), May 2005, 37 pp., references, 22 titles. The purpose of this study was to ascertain what, how, when and by whom information is given to parents of cleft lip/palate newborns in Texas hospitals and whether additional information is needed. Methods: Telephone interviews with 97 health care professionals who provide initial care to moms of cleft lip/palate newborns in the 159 Texas hospitals with more than 500 live births in 2003/2004. Findings: 76% of respondents said information given to parents of cleft newborns in effective/ very effective, 63% gave conflicting responses on whether babies with cleft can breastfeed, 35% said additional information is needed, 7% said they need information in additional languages. Conclusion: Information given to parents with cleft lip/palate newborns in Texas hospitals is inconsistent and often insufficient.Item Presentation of a Sample Case Studies from a Phase 4 Clinical Trial, "Communit-Based Research Assessment Investigating Clobetasol Proplonate 0.05% Spray for the Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psorias - The COBRA Trial"(2008-03-01) Kulkarni, Gopal; Gwritz, Patricia A.; Colon, Luz E.; Johnson, Lori A.Internship Project. Title of the Project. Presentation of Sample Case Studies from phase 4 clinical trial, “Community-Based Research Assessment Investigating Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% Spray for the Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis- the COBRA trial” Specific Aims. The specific aims of the practicum were to: 1) Select 50 subjects who had photographs available from the Data Listing (database) of the COBRA trial subjects; 2) Collect data for each case from the database provided; 3) Classify the collected data into efficacy, safety, subject satisfaction, compliance and quality of life evaluations; 4) Generate a presentation (slide kit) of the selected case studies for educational and training purposes. Signficance. Case study presentations are a tool to demonstrate the performance of a drug used in a clinical trial. Due to the large scale of the COBRA trial, there was to a need to generate a reference presentation using data belonging to a sample of subjects from the trial. This reference presentation may be useful for educational and training purposes. This chapter describes the process of development of these case study presentations from the data obtained in the COBRA trial.Item Safety and Efficacy of Alefacept, Efalizumab, Etanercept, and Infliximab in Treating Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials(2007-05-03) Brimhall, Angela K.; John Licciardone; Roberto Cardarelli; Richard VirgilioBrimhall, Angela K., Master of Science, Clinical Research and Academic Medicine, May 19, 2007, Safety and Efficacy of Alefacept, Efalizumab, Etanercept, and Infliximab in Treating Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pages=41, Tables=3, Figures=9, Bibliography=61 titles. To evaluate and compare efficacy and safety of biological agents in the treatment of plaque psoriasis, data was identified through four parallel systematic reviews. Randomized, controlled, double-blind, monotherapy trials of alefacept, efalizumab, etanercept and infliximab were selected. Sixteen studies comprising 7,931 patients met inclusion criteria. Efficacy was measured by pooled relative risk (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT) of PASI 75 achievement as compared to placebo. Each biological agent was efficacious (P [less than] .001); however, there was a graded response for achievement of PASI 75. The risk of one or more adverse event was increased in the alefacept, efalizumab, and infliximab groups compared to placebo.Item Tissue Transglutaminase in Glaucoma(2008-08-01) Tovar-Vidales, Tara; Clark, Abbot F.; Reeves, Rustin E.; Sheedlo, HaroldTovar-Vidales, Tara, Tissue Transglutaminase in Glaucoma. Doctor of Philosophy (Cell Biology and Genetics), August 2008; 113pp; 0 tables, 23 illustrations, 165 bibliography, 25 titles. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the major risk factor for POAG and is due to resistance of aqueous humor (AH) outflow through the trabecular meshwork ™ and Schlemm’s canal. Transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) is elevated in the aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes compared to normal eyes. Thus, TGF-β2 may play a role in regulating IOP. Tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) is a member of the transglutaminase family involved in cross-linking ECM proteins. In POAG, there are increased cross-linked extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) in the TM, and therefore, may result in elevated AH outflow resistance and elevated IOP. In this study, we examined the differences in both protein expression and enzyme activity of TGM2 between normal and glaucomatous TM cells and tissues. The findings demonstrated the presence of TGM2 in normal and glaucomatous cultured TM cells. We also showed that glaucomatous cultured TM cells and tissues have elevated levels of TGM2. Thus, this data suggest that TGM2 may have a pathogenic role in elevated outflow resistance and elevated IOP. Second, we observed the induction of TGM2 by TGF-β1, β2, and β3 in cultured TM cells, suggesting TGF-β isoforms regulate TGM2 protein levels. Finally, we observed that R-Smads and O38 regulated TGM2 protein levels, suggesting TGF-β2 acts through both its canonical and non-canonical signaling pathway to regulate TGM2.