Browsing by Subject "Y-STR"
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Item An Initial Comparison of Applied Biosystems Quantifiler Duo and Promega Plexor HY Real-time PCR DNA Quantification Systems(2008-05-01) Cole, Sarah Kathleen; Arthur Eisenberg; John Planz; Joseph WarrenObjective 1: Sensitive Study: This study was designed to determine the quantity of template DNA below which amplification is not expected to yield a DNA profile. Dilution series of male and female stock DNA ranging from 0.003 ng/μl will independently be run with both Quantifiler Duo and Plexor HY. These samples will be run in duplicate per plate, with duplicate plates being run. We want to determine if the published lowest detection thresholds (0.023 ng/μl for Duo; 0.0032 ng/μl for HY) are concordant with the data obtained. Objective 2: Mixture Study: The purpose of this study is to obtain quantification results for mixtures of male and female DNA, which should allow for calculations of autosomal:Y ratios that can be helpful in determining what type of genetic analysis to pursue (autosomal STR, Y-STR, or both). Mixtures of female and male DNA ranging from 1:1 to 1024:1 (female: male) will be run in duplicate per plate, with duplicate plates being run. We want to find out how minor of a contributor the male can be in an excess of female DNA and still be detected. This is especially important in sexual assault cases where the major contributor is usually female or when the offender is a vasectomized male. Objective 3: Concordance Study: The purpose of this study is to compare quantification results from Quantifiler Duo and Plexor HY with those from Quantifiler Human, specifically in cases when samples are degraded. The majority of these samples originate from unidentified human remains. Patterns of overestimation or underestimation of DNA concentration can help determine which system will be most beneficial in these cases. This is where the new amplicons size featured in Quantifiler Duo is important in comparing the values with previous results for Quantifiler Human. Sample choice will be at the discretion of the laboratory technical leader and Unidentified Human Remains section analysts. These samples will be the ones that are known to be degraded and have previously yielded overestimated results from the Quantifiler Human quantification system, resulting in poor STR data.Item Polymorphism of Y-STR haplotypes is governed by patrilineal ancestry combined with effects of male migration(2015-12-01) Nolan, Michael R.; Ranajit Chakraborty; John V. PlanzThis study examined geographic origins of Y-haplogroups and effects of migration using Y-STR haplotype databases compiled from the literature. Accuracy of haplogroup prediction was analyzed by varying the number of loci in haplotype definitions and by including rapidly mutating Y-STRs. Lastly, haplogroup diversities of populations were analyzed with respect to evolutionary history/size of populations and effects of admixture. These analyses demonstrated: a) haplotype definitions with more loci increased haplogroup prediction accuracy; b) older populations did not negatively impact haplogroup prediction; c) including rapidly mutating loci as part of the haplotype-definition had minimal impact on haplogroup prediction and inferring population clustering, but had moderate impact on Network analysis; and d) haplogroup diversities increased with male admixture.