Browsing by Subject "Youth"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item A Social Vaccine for HIV/AIDS: Investing in Our Future Through Curriculum-Based Education in Tanzania: A Conceptual Implementation Model(2009-05-01) Tenende, Tunu; Lykens, KristineAn estimated 10 million young people worldwide are living with HIV with a yearly incidence of 2 million in the 15-24 year old population. This is nearly half of all new cases that are being reported. Worldwide roughly 39.5 million people are dying of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) or are infected with the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). Of these 39.5 million people, 24.7 million live in Africa; a strong majority in resource scarce countries. In Tanzania alone there are 1.4 million people living with HIV making the percentage of people with HIV at 6.2%. With other prevention efforts that have been underway in the past few years, we have thus far been able to see a drop in people affected from 7.0% to what is now current at 6.2%. With an understanding that the country is capable of making stride in lowering incidence which will ultimately lower prevalence down the line, focus on the countries youth has been an avenue to explore. Though there are studies that have looked into prevention methods and even more specifically have looked into curriculum-based prevention programs, there have not been any that focus on a comprehensive approach that includes seeking governmental support and mandating a change in the curriculum to focus on HIV/AIDS education. Based on literature review of components that can influence the development, implementation and incorporation of an HIV/AIDS prevention program in Tanzania, this paper concludes that a curriculum-based HIV/AIDS prevention program is the most effective and efficient manner to reach the community and bring about the biggest change.Item Dental visits in Medicaid-enrolled youth with mental illness: an analysis of administrative claims data(BioMed Central Ltd., 2020-12-11) Stockbridge, Erica L.; Dhakal, Eleena; Griner, Stacey B.; Loethen, Abiah D.; West, Joseph F.; Vera, Joseph W.; Nandy, KarabiBACKGROUND: State Medicaid plans across the United States provide dental insurance coverage to millions of young persons with mental illness (MI), including those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. There are significant oral health challenges associated with MI, and providing dental care to persons with MI while they are young provides a foundation for future oral health. However, little is known about the factors associated with the receipt of dental care in young Medicaid enrollees with MI. We aimed to identify mental and physical health and sociodemographic characteristics associated with dental visits among this population. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed administrative claims data from a Medicaid specialty health plan (September 2014 to December 2015). All enrollees in the plan had MI and were >/= 7 years of age; data for enrollees aged 7 to 20 years were analyzed. We used two-level, mixed effects regression models to explore the relationships between enrollee characteristics and dental visits during 2015. RESULTS: Of 6564 Medicaid-enrolled youth with MI, 29.0% (95% CI, 27.9, 30.1%) had one or more visits with a dentist or dental hygienist. Within youth with MI, neither anxiety (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.15, p = 0.111), post-traumatic stress disorder (AOR = 1.31, p = 0.075), depression (AOR = 1.02, p = 0.831), bipolar disorder (AOR = 0.97, p = 0.759), nor schizophrenia (AOR = 0.83, p = 0.199) was associated with dental visits in adjusted analyses, although having ADHD was significantly associated with higher odds of dental visits relative to not having this condition (AOR = 1.34, p < 0.001). Age, sex, race/ethnicity, language, and education were also significantly associated with visits (p < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Dental utilization as measured by annual dental visits was lower in Medicaid-enrolled youth with MI relative to the general population of Medicaid-enrolled youth. However, utilization varied within the population of Medicaid-enrolled youth with MI, and we identified a number of characteristics significantly associated with the receipt of dental services. By identifying these variations in dental service use this study facilitates the development of targeted strategies to increase the use of dental care in - and consequently improve the current and long-term wellbeing of - the vulnerable population of Medicaid-enrolled youth with MI.