Browsing by Subject "antibiotics"
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Item Clinical Internship with the Pediatric Clinic's Clinical Research at the Patient Care Center of the University of North Texas Health Science Center/Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine: Literature Review of Meningococcal Meningitis(2002-07-01) Puckett, Fredric Clark; Harold Sheedlo; Robin Newman; John FlingEpidemic meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia disease is caused by the bacterial pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. Once infected with meningococci, onset of the disease is rapid with a high rate or morbidity and mortality. Without medical intervention the mortality rate is over 50%. Medical treatment is over 50%. Medical treatment of an outbreak of the disease with antibiotics can reduce the death rate to 10-15%. However, 10-20% of survivors will suffer from neurological damage that may include loss of hearing, paralysis or mental retardation. Recent concerns have been noted regarding the emergence of Neisseria meningitidis strains resistant to antibiotics. Vaccines have been developed in an effort to reduce epidemic outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia. The first generation polysaccharide vaccines have shown to be safe and possess some degree of effectiveness but have shortcomings of limited length of immune protection and evidence of hyporesponsiveness to subsequent vaccinations. The second generation conjugated polysaccharide vaccines have been able to overcome these problems and show great promise in reducing the sale of epidemic meningococcal outbreaks with implementation of effective mass vaccination campaigns. In addition, reducing the number of infections will limit the exposure of Neisseria meningitidis to antibiotics and, in theory, slow the development of resistance to antibiotics.Item The Impact of the Mycoplasma pulmonis MALP-2 Homologue on Disease Progression(2008-04-01) Spear, Marcia G.; Simecka, Jerry W.; Hodge, Lisa M.; Mathew, Porunelloor A.Spear, Marcia. The Impact of Mycoplasma pulmonis MALP-2 Homologue on Disease Progression. Master of Science (Biomedical Sciences), April 2008. 64 pp., 3 tables, 8 illustrations. Using Mycoplasma pulmonis, this project looked at a possible critical component in mycoplasma disease, the MALP-2 homologue lipoprotein. Studies demonstrated other lipoproteins besides the MALP-2 homologue were critical for in vivo disease progression and in vitro macrophage IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α cytokine production. This trend was also seen human endothelial kidney (HEK) cells transfected with toll-like receptor 1 (TLR2) and the heterodimer TLR2/6. An increase in IL-8 cytokine production seen in all stimulated HEK cell lines, indicating the lipoproteins involved in cell interactions are TLR2 mediated. This project suggests the M. pulmonis MALP-2 homologue is not the main lipoprotein involved in disease progression and cell interactions, indicating the MALP-2 homologue may not be an ideal target for vaccines or antibiotics.