Browsing by Subject "attitudes"
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Item Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action to Female Adolescent Sexual Behavior(2000-05-01) Gilbert-Cronen, Vanessa S.; Rene, Antonio; Goldfarb, Ronald H.; Urrutia-Rojas, XimenaGilbert-Cronen, Vanessa S., Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action to Female Adolescent Sexual Behavior. Doctor of Philosophy (Biomedical Sciences), May, 2000, 143pp., 25 tables, 8 illustrations, references, 170 titles. Objectives. This study evaluated the Theory of Reasoned Actions for its effectiveness in the prediction of the sexual intercourse intentions of a group of female high school adolescents. An expanded model which included a self-esteem measure was also assessed for its contribution to the model. Additionally, six-month follow up data was used to determine whether sexual intercourse intention predicted reported sexual behavior at follow-up. Methods. Data from the National Urban Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Program (NUAPPP), a longitudinal study conducted in 1997 and 1998 was used for this study. Tenth grade adolescent high school females (n=235) from two sites in Texas were selected to conduct a partial test of the Theory of Reasoned Action. The TRA model constructs attitudes and subjective norm were operationalized so that beliefs about sexual intercourse, attitudes towards pregnancy, perceived sexual beliefs about friends and parental communication beliefs were evaluated for their individual and combined effectiveness in the prediction of sexual intercourse intention. Results. Logistic analysis of individual model components showed significant associations between sexual beliefs (OR=5.75; 95% CI = 2.75, 11.98), pregnancy attitudes (OR=3.14; 95% CI=1.53, 6.44) perceived friend’s beliefs (OR=3.97; 95% CI = 1.57, 10.04) and sexual intercourse intention. When combined as a model, only sexual beliefs remained a significant predictor of intention (OR=4.02; 95% CI=1.79, 9.04). Evaluation of external variables showed past behavior to be a significant predictor of sexual intercourse intention (OR=32.59; 95% CI=12.56, 84.53). Conclusions. This study found the Theory of Reasoned Action to be inadequate in the prediction of adolescent female sexual intercourse intentions. The facts that individual constructs were significant predictors indicates a need for further research to understand the relationships between attitudes, beliefs, intention and behavior.Item Development of the Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): Preliminary Results(2002-05-01) Russo, David P.Russo, David P., Development of the Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Principles and Practice Scale (ATOPPS): Preliminary Results. Master of Public Health, May 2002, 11 pp., 2 tables, bibliography, 19 titles. Little is known about how student attitudes toward osteopathic principles and practice (OPP) develop and evolve over the course of their osteopathic medical education. Interviews were conducted with osteopathic medical students, osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) residents, fellows, and physician specialists. These interviews were summarized in a 39-item instrument administered to 127 students at the completion of their core OMM rotation at UNTHSC-TCOM. Factor analysis of student responses to the 39 candidate items yielded two interpretable factors. 14 of the original 39 statements were eliminated and the smaller second factor was dropped. Factor 1 contained items reflecting both positive and negative attitudes toward the application OPP in patient care, medical education, and professional distinctiveness. Two internal consistency estimates of reliability were computer for the revised 25-item ATOPPS. Estimates for the split-half coefficients for part 1 were .89, for part 2 was .87; the Spearman-Brown coefficient alpha was .93Item Health Risk, Behavior and Attitudes of Urban African American Men Toward Prostate Cancer Screening(2006-05-01) Samuel, Prattus; Lurie, Sue; Lykens, Kristine; Bae, SejongSamuel, Prauttus K., Health Risk, Behavior and Attitudes of Urban African American Men Toward Prostate Screening. Master of Public Health (Community Health), May 20, 2006, 84 pp., 10 tables, 1 illustration, 72 references. In Texas, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among non-Hispanic whites and African American (AA) males. This thesis addresses the research questions: what psycho-social characteristics associated with men who participate in prostate screening? What psycho-social and clinical characteristics are associated with reported risk factors? Focus groups were conducted to identify attitudes, perceptions and health beliefs of African American men’s early detection behavior. Existing data from a prostate screening program in Dallas County, Texas was analyzed to determine associations of demographic variables, risk factors variables and screening participation for each subgroup with AA as the group of interest. Comparison of responses and data analysis provided the framework for a conceptual model.Item Medical Students' Knowledge of and Attitudes About Complementary and Alternative Medicine Before and After an Integrated Clinical Experience Learning Module(2003-05-01) Stupski, Bernard A.; Stoll, Scott; Marshall, Muriel; Gamber, RussellStupski, Bernard A., Medical Students’ Knowledge of and Attitudes about Complementary and Alternative Medicine before and after an Integrated Clinical Experience Learning Module, Master of Science, May 2003, 2 pp., 2 tables, bibliography, 13 titles. Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is an important health care trend that is drawing increasing attention from medical schools. An educational program, the Integrated Clinical Experience (ICE), was instituted at the Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine to address CAM for second year medical students. Methods: A thirty-five question survey developed to measure the students’ knowledge of and attitudes about CAM was given at the beginning and end of the ICE week. Results: Students had significantly more knowledge about CAM prevalence following the ICE week. Students perceived greater efficacy and relevance in education for certain CAM modalities and felt more likely to incorporate CAM into their clinical practice and use CAM for self care.