Browsing by Subject "dengue"
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Item Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue among Physicians: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey(MDPI, 2021-07-21) Koonisetty, Kranthi Swaroop; Aghamohammadi, Nasrin; Urmi, Tamanna; Yavasoglu, Sare Ilknur; Rahman, Md. Shahinur; Nandy, Rajesh; Haque, UbydulDengue fever is one of the most important viral infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Accurate identification of cases and treatment of dengue patients at the early stages can reduce medical complications and dengue mortality rate. This survey aims to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among physicians in dengue diagnosis and treatment. This study was conducted among physicians in Turkey as one nonendemic country and Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia as three dengue-endemic countries. The dosing frequencies, maximum doses, and contraindications in dengue fever were examined. The results found that physicians from Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia have higher KAP scores in dengue diagnosis and treatment compared to physicians in Turkey. This may be due to a lack of physician's exposure to a dengue patient as Turkey is considered a nonendemic country. This assessment may help establish a guideline for intervention strategies among physicians to have successful treatment outcomes and reduce dengue mortality.Item Dengue Seroprevalence and Seroconversion in Urban and Rural Populations in Northeastern Thailand and Southern Laos(MDPI, 2020-12-07) Doum, Dyna; Overgaard, Hans J.; Mayxay, Mayfong; Suttiprapa, Sutas; Saichua, Prasert; Ekalaksananan, Tipaya; Tongchai, Panwad; Rahman, Md. Siddikur; Haque, Ubydul; Phommachanh, Sysavanh; Pongvongsa, Tiengkham; Rocklov, Joacim; Paul, Richard; Pientong, ChamsaiDengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. The detection of clinical cases enables us to measure the incidence of dengue infection, whereas serological surveys give insights into the prevalence of infection. This study aimed to determine dengue seroprevalence and seroconversion rates in northeastern Thailand and southern Laos and to assess any association of mosquito control methods and socioeconomic factors with dengue virus (DENV) infection. Cross-sectional seroprevalence surveys were performed in May and November 2019 on the same individuals. Blood samples were collected from one adult and one child, when possible, in each of 720 randomly selected households from two urban and two rural sites in both northeastern Thailand and southern Laos. IgG antibodies against DENV were detected in serum using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Overall, 1071 individuals participated in the study. The seroprevalence rate was high (91.5%) across all 8 study sites. Only age and province were associated with seroprevalence rates. There were 33 seroconversions during the period from May to November, of which seven reported fever. More than half of the seroconversions occurred in the rural areas and in Laos. Dengue seroconversion was significantly associated with young age (<15 years old), female gender, province, and duration of living in the current residence. No socioeconomic factors or mosquito control methods were found to be associated with seroprevalence or seroconversion. Notably, however, the province with most seroconversions had lower diurnal temperature ranges than elsewhere. In conclusion, our study has highlighted the homogeneity of dengue exposure across a wide range of settings and most notably those from rural and urban areas. Dengue can no longer be considered to be solely an urban disease nor necessarily one linked to poverty.Item The influence of spatial patterns and dengue serotype on dengue fever severity in Mexico(2022-08) Annan, Esther; Haque, Ubydul; Nguyen, Uyen-Sa D.T.; Nandy, Rajesh R.Low socioeconomic status (SES), high temperature, and increasing rainfall patterns are associated with an increase in the number of dengue case counts. However, the effect of climatic variables on individual dengue virus (DENV) serotypes have not been explored in prior literature. Furthermore, there is a knowledge gap about the extent to which serotype count affects the rate of severe dengue in Mexico. A principal components analysis was used to determine the poverty indices across Mexico. Conditional autoregressive Bayesian models were used to determine the effect of poverty and climatic variables on the rate of serotype distribution and severe dengue in Mexico. A unit increase in poverty increased the rate of DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 by 8.4%, 5%, 16%, and 13.8% respectively. An increase in one case attributable to DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 was independently associated with an increase in the rate of severe dengue by 0.02%, 0.1%, 0.03%, and 5.8% respectively. Hotspots of all DENV serotypes and severe dengue were associated mostly with coastal regions in Mexico. The Southeast region experienced higher humidity, a higher poverty index, and a lower average altitude. The association of these climatic parameters with severe dengue puts states like Oaxaca at increased risk of a higher number of severe dengue cases. Pregnancy increases a woman's risk of severe dengue. To the best of our knowledge, the moderation effect of dengue serotype among pregnant women has not been studied in Mexico. This study explores how pregnancy interacts with dengue serotype from 2012 to 2020 in Mexico. Information from 2,469 notifying health units in Mexican municipalities was used for the analysis. Multiple logistic regression with interaction effects was chosen as the final model and sensitivity analysis was done to assess potential exposure misclassification of pregnancy status. Pregnant women were found to have higher odds of severe dengue [1.50 (95% CI: 1.41, 1.59)]. The odds of dengue severity varied for pregnant women with DENV-1 [1.45, (95% CI: 1.21, 1.74)], DENV-2 [1.33, (95% CI:1.18, 1.53)] and DENV-4 [3.78, (95% CI: 1.14, 12.59)]. While the odds of severe dengue were generally higher for pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women with DENV-1 and DENV-2, the odds of disease severity were much higher for those infected with the DENV-4 serotype. Future studies on genetic diversification and phylogeny may potentially elucidate this serotype-specific effect among pregnant women in Mexico.