Browsing by Subject "obese"
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Item Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Women, ACLS 1970-1994(1999-12-01) Braun, LeeAnn; Sally Blakley; Antonio A. ReneBraun, LeeAnn, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Women, Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, 1970-1994. Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), December, 1999, 44 p.p., 9 tables, references, 24 titles. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index are related to morbidity and mortality (Manson, 1996). There is a preponderance of evidence supporting this relation in men (Gibbons, 1983; Blair, 1989, 1995, 1996; Lee, I, 1993; Barlow, 1995; Kampert, 1996; Dorn, 1997; Lee, C, 1999). The evaluation of the stated risk factors have been virtually unexplored in a cohort of women. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness attenuate the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight and obese women. In this prospective study, the study population consisted of 7572 women ages 20-89 years, who had a medical examination and achieved at least 85% of their age-adjusted maximal heart rate during a maximal treadmill test were followed for 69,979 woman-years. After adjustment for age, exam year, health status and smoking status, unfit women had a higher risk for all-cause mortality across BMI categories [RR 1.70 95% CI (1.18, 2.43)]. The benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness significantly decrease the risk of all-cause mortality in women as the concurrent consideration of cardiorespiratory fitness.Item Obesity and Risk of Stroke in NHANES I Follow Up Study(2002-12-01) Soman, Ashwini; Umed Ajani; Antonio Rene; Karan SinghSoman, Ashwini, Obesity and risk of stroke in NHANES-I follow-up study, Masters of Public Health (Epidemiology), December 2002. 79pp., 20 tables, 3 illustrations, bibliography, 46 titles. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the US. Role of obesity as an independent risk factor has been relatively well established for coronary heart diseases but not for stroke. Purpose of this study was to assess long-term risk of stroke due to obesity measured at baseline. The research was conducted using First National Nutritional Health and Examination Survey and its follow ups. Overall, increased risk of stroke was observed in obese individuals (BMI [greater than] 30 kg/m2). Similar association was observed in different subgroups of race, gender, those with or without diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Item Obesity Genetics: The Prevalence of DRD2, DAT1 and DBH Genes in the Obese Individual(1998-08-01) Davis, Karla R.; Eisenberg, Arthur; Agarwal, Neeraj; Sherman, MarkDavis, Karla R., Obesity Genetics: The prevalence of DRD2, DAT1 and DBH Genes in the obese individual. Master of Science (Biomedical Sciences), August, 1998, 106 pp., 3 tables, 14 illustrations, reference, 44 titles. Obesity has been presented in research literature as a polygenic or multiple gene disorder. Currently, 3 genes have been associated with obesity, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine transporter (DAT1), and dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH). The primary objective of this study is to analyze the DRD2, DAT1 and DBH genes to determine if a correlation exists between certain allelic variations of these 3 genes and the body mass index of obese individuals. We have developed an assay for the DRD2, DAT1 and DBH genes, utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Within the DRD2 gene, 2 allelic variants have been identified, the A1 and A2 alleles. The A1 allele consists of a 310 bp fragment in which the Taq 1 restriction site has been deleted. The A2 allele consists of 180 bp fragment and a 130 bp fragment. The presence of the A1 allele after enzyme digestion has shown a strong correlation to obesity in prior studies. With respect to the DAT1 gene, a VNTR of 40 bp’s has been correlated to other disorders within the ‘reward deficiency syndrome’. The fragment length identified most often is 440 or 480 bp, with 480 as the primary fragment in obesity. The DBH gene is similar to the DRD2 in that it also contains a Taq I restriction. Two allelic variants are also identified, B1 and B2. The B1 allele contains no Taq I site and produces a 316 bp fragment while the B2 does cleave, exhibiting an 86 bp and a 230 bp fragment after enzyme digestion. The presence of one or more of the aberrant alleles could be associated with and a predisposing factor to obesity.Item Overweightness and Obesity as Risk Factors for Acanthosis Nigricans(2001-12-01) Wadley, Wendy Whittaker; Urrutia-Rojas, Ximena; Bae, Sejong; Bayona, ManuelWadley, Wendy Whittaker, Overweightness and Obesity as Risk Factors for Acanthosis Nigricans. Master of Public Health (Community Health), December, 2001, 42 pp., 6 tables, references, 54 titles. This study was a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional study of 1,066 fifth grade students, who were screened for risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at Fort Worth Independent School District in Texas. Participants (ages 8 to 13) were 55.8% Hispanic, 23.6% African American, 16.1% Caucasian, and 4.5% other minorities. The study’s hypotheses were a) overweight or obese children (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥85th percentile) were more likely to have acanthosis nigricans (AN) than non-overweight of non-obese children, b) obese children (BMI≥85th-94.9th percentile). Findings supported both hypotheses, overweight or obese children are 17 times (OR=17.24) more likely to have AN that non-overweight or non-obese children, and obese children were about four times (OR=3.88) more likely than overweight children to have AN.Item Use of Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Health Status in Firefighters(2002-05-01) Theurer, Wesley M.; Antonio A. Rene; Sharon ClarkTheurer, Wesley M., Use of Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Health Status in Firefighters. Master of Public Health (DO/MPH), May, 2002, 28 pp., 3 tables, 29 References. This study evaluated the usefulness of BMI as a screening tool for health parameters and duty fitness among firefighters. Our cohort consisted of 218 active firefighters between the ages of 18 and 58 (men 33.5 ±8.6). Two major BMI categorization methods were used: standard [low (30)] and obesity [(normal([less than] 25), overweight(≥25 [less than] 30), obese(≥30 [less than] 39), morbidly obese ≥39)] The mean BMI was 28.8 (±4.5). Standard categorization revealed that nearly 60% had medium or high BMI's; obesity categorization showed 80.7% to be overweight, obese, or morbidly obese. Statistically significant, adverse relationships between BMI and each of the following were found: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, VO2max, METS, and total cholesterol. Inconsistent or statistically insignificant relations were found between BMI and HDL, Chol/HDL ratios, Triglycerides, FVC, and FEV1sec. Tobacco use and participation in an exercise program is also reported. BMI continues to prove useful as a screening tool and may be useful in identifying individual firefighters for health and fitness intervention measures.