Browsing by Subject "probabilistic genotyping"
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Item A Validation of STRmix™ for Forensic Casework(2017-05-01) Conway, Allison; Budowle, Bruce; Warren, Joseph E.; Gwirtz, Patricia A.The interpretation of complex DNA profiles has been a controversial issue in forensic biology. The current methods of interpretation are limited in scope and do not make full use of the data. Efforts have been made to develop software which can incorporate more data and process more calculations than were previously possible. One such program, STRmix™ (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Porirua, New Zealand), uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) principle to simulate many different possible profiles and determine the probability of observing a profile in the evidence. A validation of this software is necessary to indicate which situations are appropriate for analysis and define existing limitations.Item Study of CTS DNA Proficiency Tests with Regard to DNA Mixture Interpretation: A NIST Scientific Foundation Review(MDPI, 2022-11-25) Bille, Todd; Coble, Michael D.; Kalafut, Tim; Buckleton, JohnThe National Institute of Standards and Technology has released a document entitled DNA Mixture Interpretation: A NIST Scientific Foundation Review for public comment. This has become known as the Draft NIST Foundation Review. It contains the statement: "Across these 69 data sets, there were 80 false negatives and 18 false positives reported from 110,408 possible responses (27,602 participants x two evidence items x two reference items). In the past five years, the number of participants using PGS has grown." We examine a set of proficiency test results to determine if these NIST statements could be justified. The summary reports for each relevant forensic biology test (Forensic Biology, Semen, and Mixture) in the years 2018-2021 were reviewed. Data were also provided to us by CTS upon our request. None of the false positives or negatives could be attributed to the mixture interpretation strategy and certainly not to the use of PGS.