Browsing by Subject "screening"
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Item A Cross-Sectional Study on Factors Affecting Maternal Trust in Texas Government to Make Good Decisions About Newborn Screening and Dried Bloodspot Storage(2015-12-01) Nguyen, Huy David Dang; Robert T. Mallet; Peter B. RavenNewborn screening (NBS) results in a surplus of blood samples in the form of dried bloodspots (DBS). Texas’s “opt-in” policy requires mothers’ permission for the state to store DBS samples for research. A cross-sectional study was performed on post-partum mothers in North Texas to determine the effect of the mothers’ demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and decisions about NBS and DBS storage on trust in Texas’ ability to make good decisions regarding bloodspot research. The aforementioned trust in the Texas government was strongly associated with trust in Texas to keep the babies’ information private, belief that using DBS for public health was beneficial, and trust in Texas to de-identify their babies’ DBS. Medicaid coverage also showed a slight association with this trust. Overall, mothers who are supportive of public health research using de-identified specimens such as DBS are more confident in the Texas’s ability to make the right choices regarding DBS storage.Item Sickle Cell Disease Awareness, Willingness to be Tested and Willingness to Participate in Genetic Counseling Among African Immigrants of the Democratic Republic of Congo in North Texas(2020-05) Njesada, Ndolembai S.; Nandy, Karabi; Sterling, David; Raines-Milenkov, Amy; Young, RichardThe aim of this exploratory cross-sectional research was to assess the awareness of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), the willingness to be screened for SCD, and the willingness to participate in genetic counseling among African immigrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo who resided in North Texas through in-person surveys. A structure questionnaire containing 36 SCD questions was administered to DRC immigrants residing in Dallas-Fort-Worth-Denton-Arlington metroplex of North Texas between August and November 2019. One hundred and eighty-six were successfully interviewed. SCD awareness was very high among participants (97%); however, only about 65% agreed to participate in SCD testing and 72% to genetic counseling. Statistical significance in the levels of awareness, willingness to be screened and to participate in genetic counseling was noted between males and females. Education was negatively associated with awareness of SCD. Those who had less than high school education had higher odds of being aware of sickle cell compared to those who had more than high school education. However, those who had refugee immigration status had seven times higher odds of being willing to participate in SCD testing compared to permanent resident status. There is a need for SCD education among immigrants from endemic countries like DRC, given that almost half of the participants were not willing to participate in SCD educational programs. The need of mix methods studies to understand the various patterns of association related to all the factors associated with sickle cell disease is warranted.Item The Use of Osteopathic Palpatory Findings in Screening for Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study(2008-05-01) Curlee, Laura Denise; John Licciardone; Hollis King; Roberto CardarelliCurlee, Laura D., The Use of Osteopathic Palpatory Findings in Screening for Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study. Master of Science, May, 2008, 100 pp., 6 tables, 9 illustrations, bibliography, 40 titles. Viscerosomatic reflexes result in somatic dysfunction, which manifests as palpatory TART changes. There are two hypotheses of this study: palpatory findings will be associated with diabetes and will be associated with renal disease. An osteopathic predoctoral fellow conducted a palpatory exam on each subject at the level of T10-L2, to feel for TART changes. The results from the palpatory exam were recorded in SPSS for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics, chi square and risk assessment were conducted. There were no statistically significant findings. Results demonstrated possible associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and race, and tissue texture changes with control groups. Restriction of motion was found to have no difference amongst control and disease groups.Item Understanding the Psychosocial Factors of Communication that Underlie Colorectal Cancer-Screening Adherence.(2009-08-01) Dunn, Michael; Cardarelli, RobertoThis pilot study was the first to utilize the Interpersonal Processes of Care (IPC) instrument to investigate physician/patient communication and the extent to which it impacts a patient’s adherence to the recommendation to obtain a colorectal cancer screening test. A total of 45 individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. Potential participants (50 years of age or older in 2007) were recruited from the billing records of the University of North Texas Health Science Center/Department of Family Medicine. All potential participants had been seen by their primary care physician for a preventative visit in 2007. While no IPC factor was found to be significantly associated with adherence, one IPC factor, hurried communication, trended towards significance (pvalue 0.055) when combined in a predictive model that also measured a subject’s level of social support and number of persons that lived with them.Item WHAT ARE THE BARRIERS TO BREAST CANCER SCREENING/MAMMOGRAPHY IN FREDERICKSBURG, TX?(2014-03) Baker, Laura; Patel, Pinal; Chiapa-Scifres, Ana; Bowling, JohnBreast cancer screening via mammography has been shown to catch cancer at earlier stages than would otherwise be caught. There are multiple reasons that women do not get mammograms and these reasons tend to differ in rural versus urban populations. This survey was distributed to female patients age 40 and over at Fredericksburg clinic in Fredericksburg, TX. Purpose (a): There are many barriers to breast cancer screening. Research has shown that lack of information about mammography, lower socioeconomic status, lower education level, lack of insurance, and travel burden are barriers to breast cancer screening. A lot of these barriers tend to exist in different proportions in a rural community versus an urban city. These barriers exist in Fredericksburg, but to varying degrees than other areas. The aim of this study was to determine what the barriers to breast cancer screening are in Fredericksburg, TX. Methods (b): Surveys were distributed to female patients over the age of 40 in Fredericksburg Clinic. The study sample included 36 surveys collected from January to March of 2013. The survey included demographic information, medical history, and factors related to breast cancer screening. Results (c): Average age of surveyed patients was 61.4 years. About 70% of respondents said that travel was not a burden to getting an annual mammogram out of the 91.2% that were screened. Out of 77.1% surveyed who thought that travelling was not a burden to getting an annual mammogram, 60% would need to drive less than 20 miles for a mammogram. The relationship between doctor recommendation of a mammogram and insurance coverage was investigated using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. There was a positive correlation between the two variables, r=.46, n=36,p=0.005. Conclusions (d): A statistically significant association was found between travel distance and whether they thought travel was a burden. Most patients will travel in order to get a once yearly mammogram but it can be considered to be a burden. Efforts to decrease the distance that some patients have to drive for a mammogram would increase the rates of women that get recommended screenings. Patients that had health insurance were more likely to see a doctor regularly and be recommended further health screenings. With an increase of healthcare coverage, doctors should be able to better recommend preventative health practices to patients.