A review of musculoskeletal adaptations in individuals following major lower-limb amputation

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dc.creatorFinco, M. G.
dc.creatorKim, Suhhyun
dc.creatorNgo, Wayne
dc.creatorMenegaz, Rachel A.
dc.creator.orcid0000-0002-7261-7873 (Menegaz, Rachel A.)
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-14T14:32:30Z
dc.date.available2022-10-14T14:32:30Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-01
dc.description.abstractStructural musculoskeletal adaptations following amputation, such as bone mineral density (BMD) or muscle architecture, are often overlooked despite their established contributions to gait rehabilitation and the development of adverse secondary physical conditions. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of the existing literature investigating musculoskeletal adaptations in individuals with major lower-limb amputations to inform clinical practice and provide directions for future research. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for original peer-reviewed studies that included individuals with transtibial or transfemoral amputations. Summary data of twenty-seven articles indicated reduced BMD and increased muscle atrophy in amputees compared to controls, and in the amputated limb compared to intact and control limbs. Specifically, BMD was reduced in T-scores and Z-scores, femoral neck, and proximal tibia. Muscle atrophy was evidenced by decreased thigh cross-sectional area, decreased quadriceps thickness, and increased amounts of thigh fat. Overall, amputees have impaired musculoskeletal health. Future studies should include dysvascular etiologies to address their effects on musculoskeletal health and functional mobility. Moreover, clinicians can use these findings to screen increased risks of adverse sequelae such as fractures, osteopenia/porosis, and muscular atrophy, as well as target specific rehabilitation exercises to reduce these risks.
dc.description.sponsorshipMG Finco was supported by the National Institutes of Health/ National Institute on Aging (T32 AG020494) and the Institute for Healthy Aging. S. Kim was supported by Grant (# RP170301) from Cancer Prevention and Research Institutes of Texas. The remaining authors have nothing to declare.
dc.identifier.citationFinco, M. G., Kim, S., Ngo, W., & Menegaz, R. A. (2022). A review of musculoskeletal adaptations in individuals following major lower-limb amputation. Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions, 22(2), 269-283.
dc.identifier.issn1108-7161
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/31850
dc.identifier.volume22
dc.publisherHylonome Publications
dc.relation.urihttps://www.ismni.org/jmni/pdf/88/jmni_22_269.pdf
dc.rights.holder© Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions
dc.rights.licenseAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.sourceJournal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions
dc.subjectAnatomy
dc.subjectLimb Loss
dc.subjectPhysiology
dc.subjectRemodeling
dc.subjectSymmetry
dc.subject.meshAmputation / adverse effects
dc.subject.meshAmputees
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshLower Extremity
dc.subject.meshMuscular Atrophy
dc.subject.meshTibia
dc.titleA review of musculoskeletal adaptations in individuals following major lower-limb amputation
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.materialtext

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