Factors associated with COVID-19-related mental health among Asian Indians in the United States

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dc.creatorIkram, Mohammad
dc.creatorShaikh, Nazneen F.
dc.creatorSiddiqui, Zasim A.
dc.creatorDwibedi, Nilanjana
dc.creatorMisra, Ranjita
dc.creatorVishwanatha, Jamboor K.
dc.creatorSambamoorthi, Usha
dc.creator.orcid0000-0002-0266-6020 (Vishwanatha, Jamboor K.)
dc.creator.orcid0000-0001-8311-1360 (Sambamoorthi, Usha)
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-16T14:25:40Z
dc.date.available2023-02-16T14:25:40Z
dc.date.issued2023-01-11
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: In the United States, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused increased mental health symptoms and mental illness. Specific subgroups such as Asian Indians in the US have also been subject to additional stressors due to unprecedented loss of lives in their home country and increased Asian hate due to the misperception that Asians are to be blamed for the spread of the SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE: We examined the various factors including discrimination associated with COVID-19-related mental health symptoms among Asian Indians. METHODS: We administered an online survey between May 2021 and July 2021 using convenient and snowball sampling methods to recruit Asian Indian adults (age > 18 years, N = 289). The survey included questions on mental health and the experience with unfair treatment in day-to-day life. Descriptive analysis and logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS: Overall, 46.0% reported feeling down, depressed, or lonely and feeling nervous, tense, or worried due to the COVID-19 pandemic; 90.0% had received at least one dose of vaccination and 74.7% reported some form of discrimination. In the fully-adjusted logistic regression, age (AOR = 0.95; 95%CI- 0.92, 0.97;p < 0.01) and general health (AOR=0.84; 95%CI- 0.73, 0.97; p < 0.015) were negatively associated with mental health symptoms. Participants who experienced discrimination were more likely (AOR=1.26; 95%CI- 1.08, 1.46; p < 0.01) to report mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION: In this highly vaccinated group of Asian Indians discriminatory behaviors were associated with mental health symptoms suggesting the need for novel institutional level policy responses to reduce anti-Asian racism.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was, in part, funded by the National Institutes of Health NIH/1OT2HL158258- Texas CEAL Alliance (Usha Sambamoorthi, Jamboor K Vishwanatha), and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities through the Texas Center for Health Disparities (NIMHD), 5U54MD006882 (Usha Sambamoorthi, Jamboor K Vishwanatha). The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the NIH.
dc.identifier.citationIkram, M., Shaikh, N. F., Siddiqui, Z. A., Dwibedi, N., Misra, R., Vishwanatha, J. K., & Sambamoorthi, U. (2023). Factors associated with COVID-19-related mental health among Asian Indians in the United States. Journal of affective disorders reports, 11, 100472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100472
dc.identifier.issn2666-9153
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/32023
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100472
dc.rights.holder© 2023 The Authors.
dc.rights.licenseAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.sourceJournal of Affective Disorders Reports
dc.subjectAsian Indians
dc.subjectCovid-19
dc.subjectdepression
dc.subjectdiscrimination
dc.subjectmental health
dc.subjectvaccination
dc.titleFactors associated with COVID-19-related mental health among Asian Indians in the United States
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.materialtext

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