Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea

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dc.creatorMcKay, Tina B.
dc.creatorPriyadarsini, Shrestha
dc.creatorKaramichos, Dimitrios
dc.creator.orcid0000-0002-8761-3824 (Karamichos, Dimitrios)
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-20T20:19:47Z
dc.date.available2022-09-20T20:19:47Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-11
dc.description.abstractThe growth and maintenance of nearly every tissue in the body is influenced by systemic hormones during embryonic development through puberty and into adulthood. Of the ~130 different hormones expressed in the human body, steroid hormones and peptide hormones are highly abundant in circulation and are known to regulate anabolic processes and wound healing in a tissue-dependent manner. Of interest, differential levels of sex hormones have been associated with ocular pathologies, including dry eye disease and keratoconus. In this review, we discuss key studies that have revealed a role for androgens and estrogens in the cornea with focus on ocular surface homeostasis, wound healing, and stromal thickness. We also review studies of human growth hormone and insulin growth factor-1 in influencing ocular growth and epithelial regeneration. While it is unclear if endogenous hormones contribute to differential corneal wound healing in common animal models, the abundance of evidence suggests that systemic hormone levels, as a function of age, should be considered as an experimental variable in studies of corneal health and disease.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and National Eye Institute, grant number EY028888 (DK).
dc.identifier.citationMcKay, T. B., Priyadarsini, S., & Karamichos, D. (2022). Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea. Cells, 11(2), 224. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11020224
dc.identifier.issn2073-4409
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12503/31795
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/cells11020224
dc.rights.holder© 2022 by the authors.
dc.rights.licenseAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourceCells
dc.subjectcornea
dc.subjectestradiol
dc.subjectestrogen
dc.subjectgrowth hormone
dc.subjectinsulin growth factor-1
dc.subjectwound healing
dc.subject.meshAnimals
dc.subject.meshCornea / metabolism
dc.subject.meshGonadal Steroid Hormones / chemistry
dc.subject.meshGonadal Steroid Hormones / metabolism
dc.subject.meshGrowth Hormone / metabolism
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshReceptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
dc.titleSex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.materialtext

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