Clinical Symptoms of Arboviruses in Mexico

Date

2020-11-19

Authors

Ananth, Sushmitha
Shrestha, Nistha
Treviño C., Jesús A.
Nguyen, Uyen-Sa
Haque, Ubydul
Angulo-Molina, Aracely
Lopez-Lemus, Uriel A.
Lubinda, Jailos
Sharif, Rashed Md
Zaki, Rafdzah Ahmad

ORCID

0000-0003-2715-9073 (Nguyen, Uyen-Sa)
0000-0002-7413-1017 (Haque, Ubydul)
0000-0001-6990-6378 (Ananth, Sushmitha)

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

MDPI

Abstract

Arboviruses such as Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) have emerged as a significant public health concern in Mexico. The existing literature lacks evidence regarding the dispersion of arboviruses, thereby limiting public health policy's ability to integrate the diagnosis, management, and prevention. This study seeks to reveal the clinical symptoms of CHIK, DENV, and ZIKV by age group, region, sex, and time across Mexico. The confirmed cases of CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV were compiled from January 2012 to March 2020. Demographic characteristics analyzed significant clinical symptoms of confirmed cases. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between clinical symptoms and geographical regions. Females and individuals aged 15 and older had higher rates of reported significant symptoms across all three arboviruses. DENV showed a temporal variation of symptoms by regions 3 and 5, whereas ZIKV presented temporal variables in regions 2 and 4. This study revealed unique and overlapping symptoms between CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV. However, the differentiation of CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV is difficult, and diagnostic facilities are not available in rural areas. There is a need for adequately trained healthcare staff alongside well-equipped lab facilities, including hematological tests and imaging facilities.

Description

Citation

Ananth, S., Shrestha, N., Treviño C, J. A., Nguyen, U. S., Haque, U., Angulo-Molina, A., Lopez-Lemus, U. A., Lubinda, J., Sharif, R. M., Zaki, R. A., Sánchez Casas, R. M., Cervantes, D., & Nandy, R. (2020). Clinical Symptoms of Arboviruses in Mexico. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 9(11), 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110964

Rights

Copyright © 2020 by the authors.

License

Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)