Brain Cyst in a Pediatric Patient: Early Diagnosis and Outcome

Date

2015-03

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Xiong, Yi
Chen, George S.
Nguyen, Bao X.
Bowman, W. Paul
Habiba, Nusrath M.
Honeycutt, John

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Abstract

Purpose (a): Pediatric macrocephaly can be caused by a variety of medical conditions such as tumors and cysts, as well as hydrocephaly. Because of the pliability of the infant skull, macrocephaly patients rarely exhibit focal neurological deficits or other obvious symptoms. Infants can often times compensate to changes in brain anatomy until the very late stages of the disease before deteriorating rapidly. As a result, early detection, diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent permanent damage to the brain tissue and subsequent consequences such as disability or even death. Methods (b): An infant presented to the UNT Health Pediatric Clinic for the first time for sick visit due to cough and congestion. She was diagnosed to have a brain cyst. Management, outcome, literature review, as well as educational point are discussed. Results (c): We present the case of a 4 month old female infant who originally presented to UNT Health Pediatric Clinic for the first time for sick visit due to cough and congestion. She had virtually no other symptoms except mild macrocephaly. She was first diagnosed by x-ray and CT scan with a huge intra-ventricular or porencephalic cyst, and then subsequently treated by endoscopic fenestration of the cyst. The patient had a period of post-operative seizures, but has now made an impressive recovery. Conclusions (d): Brain cyst in pediatric patient is a rare but potentially dangerous situation if early diagnosis and treatment is not provided. The case we presented outlined a success recovery of a pediatric patient with brain cyst. Such case provided excellent educational point for medical students and clinicians regarding early detection, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric brain cyst.

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