Browsing by Subject "biostatistics"
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Item Adult Women and Coronary Heart Disease: Studies on Surgical Procedures and Perception(2010-12-01) Schlorke, Patricia; Bae, Sejong; Biswas, Swati; Chen, OliveSchlorke, Patricia J., Adult Women and Coronary Heart Disease: Studies on Surgical Procedures and Perception. Doctor of Public Health (Biostatistics), December 2010, 124 pp., 12 tables, 3 figures, bibliography, 95 titles. Coronary heart disease (CHD) was the number one cause of death in the United States. The main CHD symptom was a heart attack. The most common form of a heart attack was chest pain and shortness of breath, which occurred in men. However, women did not usually have chest pain, but other symptoms such as abdominal pain or indigestion. This could lead women to perceive or believe that they would not have heart disease or heart attacks. This thought could lead women to not obtaining health care, such as surgical procedures, for CHD. Health professionals knew the signs and symptoms of CHD in men, but they may be uncertain in their diagnosis in women. This could lead to women not asking their health care professional about heart attacks or other symptoms. The purpose of this dissertation analyzed CHD in two areas in all women 18 years and older. These two areas were: (a) comparing hospital length of stay between men and women who had either coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA); and (b) women’s perceptions about CHD. Data for the surgical procedures study came from the 2006 National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) and for the perception study came from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The results showed for the surgical procedures men and women had increased hospital days of care (DOC) for all surgical procedures. The results for the perception study showed women varied by age, race-ethnicity, education, income, and other factors in heart attack symptom knowledge. These two studies had the following conclusions. The results for increased hospital DOC had implications, such as increased health utilization, for present and future hospitalizations. The results for heart attack symptom knowledge showed a need for more awareness and communication of heart attack symptoms among all women across the United States.Item Review of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma and Its Outcome(2007-12-01) Sanghvi, ChiragSanghvi, Chirag. Review of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma and Its Outcome. Master of Public Health (Biostatistics), December 2007, 37 pp., 4 tables, bibliography, 42 titles. Blunt pancreatic trauma (BPT) is an uncommon injury involving 1%-2% of blunt abdominal traumas but it can be associated with a high complication rate. Various studies have shown complication rate to range from 30%-64% following blunt pancreatic injury. With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval a retrospective chart review study was performed for last 12 years. Chart review failed to support the hospital assigned diagnosis of BPT in 3 patients, leaving 37 cases for analysis. BPT had an overall mortality rate of 22%. In the patients surviving the injury, early surgical intervention (≤12 hours) had a complication rate of 31% versus 57% for delayed surgical intervention ([greater than] 12 hours). BPT has a high mortality rate but is usually secondary to other organs involved in the injury. Delayed surgical intervention has a higher complication rate compared to early intervention.Item The Dose Dependent Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Facotrs-A Systematic Review(2007-12-01) Bhamidimarri, Kalyan Ram; Karan SinghBhamidimarri, Kalyan R; The Dose Dependent Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors-A Systematic Review. Master of Public Health (Biostatistics), December 2007, 41 pp; 2 tables, 3 illustrations, bibliography, 60 titles. Effects of alcohol on cardiovascular health are varied and conflicting. Moderate alcohol drinking has been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease by having a direct influence on vascular and haemostatic factors or indirectly by influencing atherosclerosis, cholesterol and insulin resistance. Studies about effects of alcohol on cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors published through 1995 to 2007 were searched in different databases and those meeting eligibility criteria were analyzed. Thirty one studies were reviewed and data analyzed to verify dose dependent effects of alcohol. Although several factors account for different effects of alcohol, moderate consumption of alcohol amounting to less than one drink or 14 grams per day is protective for cardiovascular disease possibly due to its impact on the risk factors. Randomized controlled studies which can be done in this regard might clearly suggest a dose dependent effect of alcohol on cardiovascular and overall survival.