Browsing by Subject "communication"
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Item Doctors, Patients, and Adherence to HIV Medication: Findings of the Communication, Communities, and Health Study(2008-05-01) Seater, Margaret; Kimberly Fulda; Kathryn CardarelliThis study is about whether doctors have the potential to influence adherence by forming a solid patient-doctor relationship. This study is also about health disparities; specifically, if racialized life experiences have any association with either adherence or the formation of a solid patient-doctor relationship. Self-reported racial discrimination was shown to be a risk factor for non-adherence (OR 4.725, p-value [less than] 0.05), while compassionate behavior on the part of the clinician predicted adherence (OR 0.062, p-value [less than] 0.1 trend). Future directions include applying for extramural funding to conduct a clinical trial emphasizing communication as a way to eliminate health disparities. In the long term, the goal of medical educators should be to recruit more non-white physicians in order to further eliminate health disparities.Item Does Team Based Learning (TBL) in the Pharmacy Classroom Foster Leadership Skills in the Workplace?(University of Minnesota Department of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, 2023-01-12) Haight, Robert C.; Brooks, Marta J.Objective: A well-functioning healthcare team is important to optimizing the health outcomes of patients. As such, the use of Team Based Learning (TBL) in the education of health professionals has emerged as one of the more common active learning strategies. In various anecdotes with preceptors, it had been observed that student pharmacists educated in a TBL classroom exhibited increased skills in the affective domain. This qualitative pilot study begins to examine affective domain skills that are important to pharmacy practice and which of those skills may be developed uniquely through TBL. Methods: Random samples of preceptors and students (first through fourth-year cohorts), were engaged using a predesigned interview protocol to guide the discussion. Ad hoc questions resulting from the interview were also captured. A grounded theory approach was utilized to develop an a priori theme codebook that was utilized to analyze the interviews with preceptors and focus groups with students. Results: Nine preceptors were interviewed, and 23 student pharmacists participated in focus groups. Preceptors identified 1) communication, 2) emotional intelligence, 3) education, 4) time management, and 5) advocacy as the top themes important to being a leader. While students identified 1) communicate with or listen to others, 2) accountability/responsibility, 3) patience, 4) self-reflection / feedback as skills developed by TBL. Participants indicated that they believed that TBL was a contributor to the development of affective domain skills among student pharmacists. Conclusion: Among preceptors and student pharmacists, this initial study found both alignment and divergence with identified skills in the affective domain related to the development of leadership skills. Additional research is needed to further explore and develop an instrument to measure the role of TBL in affective skill development, in the context of being a leader in the pharmacy profession.Item Interpreter Narratives: End-Of-Life Conversations in a Pediatric Hospital(2007-10-01) Warren, Corinne Neitzke; Lurie, SueWarren, Corinne Neitzke., Interpreter Narratives: End-of-Life Conversations in a Pediatric Hospital. Master of Public Health (Health Interpreting and Health Applied Linguistics), October 2007, 162 pp., bibliography, 74 titles. Aspects of communication between caregivers and patients/families are noted consistently in the literature as important to perceptions of quality of care at the end of life (EOL). Healthcare interpreters, along with providers, can be “deliverers of bad news.” EOL encounters create challenging and unique role and performance demands for interpreters; as active participants in these conversations, interpreters intervene in various ways that impact the communication process. While they may view providers as having the central role in an encounter, aspects of their performance suggest the pivotal nature of their own participation. This exploratory, qualitative research aimed to understand and represent interpreters’ perceptions of the EOL communication they facilitate when providers and pediatric patients and families don’t share language or culture. Their perspectives were revealed in their stories of EOL encounters, as they recounted personal reactions to specific circumstances and conversation exchanges as well as how they handled interpretation in particular situations.Item Language and Cultural Access Services for Healthcare of Latinos: A Study of Their Experiences in Dallas County(2006-04-04) Prieto, Juan; Coggin, Claudia; Gonzalez, Adela; Cipher, DaishaPrieto, Juan G., Language and Cultural Access Services for Healthcare of Latinos: A Study of Their Experiences in Dallas County. Master of Public Health (Community Health), April 4, 2006, pp 53, tables 5, bibliography, titles 29. The American healthcare system largely serves English-speakers, but 21 million Latinos in this country speak limited English. This cross-sectional study examines language laws and patient experiences in overcoming communication barriers. The study’s responses suggest lack of awareness of language access rights among Latinos and non-compliance with language laws by some public and private healthcare providers. Communication gaps can result in untreated or misdiagnosed illness, injury or death. However, life-threatening disparities experienced by Latinos could be alleviated if patients learned of their language rights through media campaigns. Medical treatment would drastically improve the hiring, training and supporting bilingual healthcare professionals; through the strengthening the enforcement of language services laws; and through the allocating funds for cultural and linguistic services in healthcare.Item Optimizing Workflows to Enhance Principal Investigator Satisfaction and Boost Patient Recruitment(2023-12) Maldonado, Marilyn L.; Krishnamoorthy, Raghu R.; Mathew, Stephen O.; Leach, YeseniaThe success of a research study can be significantly compromised when principal investigators (PIs) express their dissatisfaction with the clinical research process. Additionally, poor communication between the PIs and research staff can lead to discouragement from participating in research. This communication barrier can also negatively impact subject recruitment and influence the overall success of the research study. In 2022, a survey conducted within the ophthalmology department at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) revealed a notable communication disconnect among the PIs, research staff, and clinic staff. This project aimed to reevaluate PI satisfaction, participation, and patient recruitment outcomes after introducing new workflows within the department, which facilitated a closer communication and collaboration with the clinical research staff. The Ophthalmology and Optometry clinical and research providers were administered the same survey as the previous year. Ten of the 35 providers responded, giving a 29% response rate. The responses revealed some improvement in some areas, such as PI's knowledge of resources available to conduct research and awareness of active enrolling studies. Other areas remained unchanged and in need of further work, such as a lack of a clear understanding of the research process and whom to contact to start a research study at UT Southwestern.Item Regulation, Culture, and Communication: The Global Environment of Clinical Device Trials(2002-08-01) Johnson, Wade C.; Barker, David; Richardson, Barbara; Newman, RobinThe intent of my research and thesis was to gain a greater understanding of the role of regulation, culture, and communication within the global clinical trial environment. I wanted to explore if these topics are affecting the market development of international clinical device trials and if so, to what extent. I will begin with a Literature Review, discussing the history of regulatory development in the United States and around the world. I will also present information on current aspects of culture and communication within the medical device industry as they relate to the clinical trial environment and globalization of clinical research. After the Literature Review, I will include a section that outlines that activities with which I was involved during my internship at MedTrials Incorporated of Dallas, TX. I will chronologically present those activities and experiences as recorded in my journal. I will complete my thesis by discussing the results of my research and internship, exploring the global regulatory environment, culture and communication within the context of an international clinical trial to which I was assigned. My internship experience allowed me to become familiar with the concepts and principles realized through my research and understand the specific affect and application of regulation, communication, and culture in the industry today.Item Relationship Between Clinical Rounding Practices and Patient Perception of Communication in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)(2018-05) Stokes, Vanetria D.; Millar, J. Cameron; Gwirtz, Patricia A.; Mathew, Stephen O.In the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NSICU), families were being included in the medical rounds conducted by the healthcare team in an effort to improve communication options with family members who had patient family in the unit. As a result, simultaneous research was conducted. This research focused on perception of communication in the NSICU by patients. The study aimed to find if there are positive differences between patients whose families participated in rounds and families who did not participate in rounds. Using a 16-item survey this research problem was investigated in addition to patient preferences concerning how and if their families should be included in medical rounds. The study was considered a descriptive study design. The survey responses were scaled and were converted into numerical responses to assess results. The major finding for the study was that although many families did not attend rounds, patients still preferred that their family had the opportunity to participate. Also patients had a positive perception of their communication experience in the neurosurgical intensive care unit.Item Understanding the Psychosocial Factors of Communication that Underlie Colorectal Cancer-Screening Adherence.(2009-08-01) Dunn, Michael; Cardarelli, RobertoThis pilot study was the first to utilize the Interpersonal Processes of Care (IPC) instrument to investigate physician/patient communication and the extent to which it impacts a patient’s adherence to the recommendation to obtain a colorectal cancer screening test. A total of 45 individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. Potential participants (50 years of age or older in 2007) were recruited from the billing records of the University of North Texas Health Science Center/Department of Family Medicine. All potential participants had been seen by their primary care physician for a preventative visit in 2007. While no IPC factor was found to be significantly associated with adherence, one IPC factor, hurried communication, trended towards significance (pvalue 0.055) when combined in a predictive model that also measured a subject’s level of social support and number of persons that lived with them.