Browsing by Subject "education"
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Item A Novel Curriculum: Integrating Anatomy, Osteopathic Principles and Practice, and Clinical skills.(2011-05-01) Colston, John S.; Cruser, des AngesThe purpose of this project was to create and test a novel curricular model integrating anatomy, osteopathic principles and practice, and clinical skills. The curricular model was created through collaborative effort with a multi-discipline advisory group. The model’s effectiveness was assessed in two separate learning events involving medical students and pre-medical students. Knowledge assessments and opinion surveys distributed pre and post-learning event demonstrated a positive trend toward knowledge acquisition and support of the curricular model. Implementation of the novel curriculum was successful, producing desired learning outcomes and demonstrating the value of integrating clinical context with basic sciences. Further research and implementation of a more complete version of the model is warranted.Item A Sun Awareness Pilot Project(2002-05-01) Franklin, Gillian A.; Claudia Coggin; Kristine A. Lykens; Doug A. MainsFranklin, Gillian A., A Sun Awareness Pilot Project. Masters of Public Health (Health Management and Policy), May 2002, 53 pp., 7 tables, bibliography, 48 titles. The most common cancer in the United States today is skin cancer; it is also the most preventable. At least 90% of all skin cancers is caused by sun exposure. Americans have a one in six lifetime risk of developing skin cancer and in Texas the rate is one in three. The purpose of this pilot project was to increase the level of sun protection knowledge and awareness in parents who brought their children in for a six-month immunization visit. The project was modeled after the Australian Cancer Council’s “Slip! Slop! Slap!” campaign. Data was collected from five pediatric clinics in this pretest/posttest design study. Multiple variables regarding demographics, skin type, knowledge, beliefs, sun-protective practices, and attitudes were included. Overall, parental sun protective knowledge and awareness increased. The information obtained from this pilot project may influence future public health decisions regarding education and prevention of skin cancers.Item An Assessment of Formal Education in Breast feeding or human lactation for Health Professionals In Texas(2009-12-01) Zasova, Olga L.; Coggin, ClaudiaObjectives: Determine if health professionals receive formal courses in human lactation or breastfeeding at institutions of higher education in Texas. Methods: A website search was conducted for courses and competencies in human lactation or breastfeeding at degree-granting medical, physician assistants, public health, and nursing schools in Texas. In addition were searched in and out of state certificate-granting schools of midwifery, doula, and lactation consultants. Results: Breastfeeding was not cited in any of the curricula of degree-granting institutions. Nursing schools did not list but imbedded breastfeeding in childbearing courses. All certificate-granting schools require it in their curricula. Conclusion: It is difficult to foresee achievement of the breastfeeding goals for Healthy People 2010 when health professionals are not trained in them.Item Barriers to Women's Cardiovascular Risk Knowledge: A Tarrant County Study(2004-05-01) Liewer, Linda J.; Kristine LykensLiewer, Linda J., Barriers to Women’s Cardiovascular Risk Knowledge: A Tarrant County Study. Master of Public Health (Health Management and Policy), May 2004, 71 pp., 19 tables, 6 illustrations, 36 references, 17 titles. Women’s death rate from cardiovascular disease is greater than the death rate from all cancers. Awareness and knowledge of a disease are key to dealing with it, yet many women are still unaware of their CVD risk. The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers to knowledge about cardiovascular disease risk in women in Tarrant County. Interviews with administrative personnel in 10 community organizations confirmed the lack of awareness of CVD. Barriers included: women in caregiver roles advocate effectively for their family members, but less effectively for themselves; physician communication with women regarding CVD is often suboptimal; women fear breast cancer far more than CVD; a program deficiency exists in Tarrant County; lack of a visible woman champion and heart disease is still seen as a man’s disease.Item Child Nutrition and Hygiene Practices Related to Dental Caries in Preschool Children(2006-08-01) Sterba, Jennifer A.; Urrutia-Rojas, Ximena; Coggin, ClaudiaSterba R.D.H., B.S., Jennifer A. Child Nutrition and Hygiene Practices Related to Dental Caries in Pre-School Children. Master of Public Health (Community Health), August 2006, 50 pp., bibliography, 22 titles. Dental caries is a significant public health issue among low income children. Head start is a child developmental program that provides education and health services for low income families. One hundred and thirty seven children, age’s three to six, and their parents/guardians enrolled in four sites at Head Start Greater Dallas, Inc. participated in this study. Fifty-three percent of all children had evidence of early childhood caries. In this study, parents/guardians reported adequate nutrition and hygiene practices of their child’s oral health, but children still show a high incidence of caries. Therefore, preventive educational services provided by a dental professional would be beneficial to the Head Start families to improve children’s oral health.Item Dr. Joseph Warren(2013-08-02)Item Eating Disorders: Best Age for Education and Prevention(2004-05-01) Chasmawala, Jayshri R.; Susan Franks; Susan Eve; Muriel MarshallChasmawala, Jayshri R., Eating Disorders: Best Age for Prevention and Education. Master of Public Health (Dual Degree D.O./M.P.H.), May 2004, 22 pp., 11 tables, 6 illustrations, references, 16 titles. Objective: This study attempts to determine the best age to design a prevention program to prevent the development of eating disorders based on adolescents’ behavior and attitudes towards eating disorders. Methods: Forty students aged 11-17 answered a self-reported questionnaire regarding dieting and weight, identification of emotional states, and general awareness of eating disorders. Age group divided the sample: 13 years of age and younger; and 14 years of age and older. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine existence of any differences between the populations. Results: An overall difference in the age groups exists with statistic significance. The difference in mean values of interoceptive awareness is statistically significant between the age groups. Conclusion: Interoceptive Awareness, not awareness level of eating disorders, is more indicative of the best age for prevention. Younger age children may benefit more from prevention due to lack of emotional maturity which leads to higher risk of development of eating disorders.Item Enhancing the nutritional status of an older population: an educational intervention to improve the nutrition knowledge of persons over 60 living in a rural Texas community(2002-05-01) Lane, Bridget M.Lane, Bridget M., Enhancing the nutritional status of an older population: an educational intervention to improve the nutrition knowledge of persons over 60 living in a rural Texas community. Master of Public Health (Health Administration), May, 2002, 61 pp., 8 tables, references, 41 titles. A four session nutrition education promotion program was developed and implemented for a group of seniors in a rural Texas community to enhance the nutritional status of persons over 60 through educational intervention to improve nutrition knowledge. Nutrition knowledge was measured using pre-tests and post-tests (before and after short-term nutrition education). No statistically significant differences were observed between pre/post test results, although there was a directional improvement in several aspects of test performance. Nutrition education programs that can effectively translate healthy dietary recommendations into understandable concepts can result in improvements in nutrition knowledge, and possibly have a positive influence on dietary behaviors and health markers.Item EVALUATION OF INTRAOPERATIVE LIGAMENT INJURY DURING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY INVOLVING RESIDENT TRAINING(2014-03) Joseph, Ryan; Wagner, Russell; Webb, BrianThe purpose of this study is to evaluate if the operative experience level of residents affects the incidence of ligament injuries in patients who have received a total knee arthroplasty. Purpose (a): The focus of this study was to evaluate intraoperative errors in the performance of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) and compare the error rate of when a junior resident versus a senior resident served as the primary surgeon. Methods (b): A restrospective analysis was performed on all of the TKAs performed by either a junior or senior resident, directly supervised by Russell Wagner, MD, over a four year period of time. This study identified 346 cases, 143 of which were performed by a junior resident and 203 of which were performed by a senior resident. Incidence of injury was also evaluated to determine if intraoperative errors occur as frequently throughout a given rotation or if the occurrences decreased as the rotation progressed. In addition to this, differences between rotations taking place at the beginning of the year and rotations occuring at the end of the year was also investigated. Finally, the last factor analyzed was whether there was a correlation between a patient’s BMI and a ligament injury. Results (c): Of the 346 total knee arthroplasties performed from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012, there was an incidence of ligament injury in 7.5% of the cases. The occurrence of injury in which junior residents performed the surgery was 6.3%, compared to 8.3% when senior residents performed the surgery. There were no significant differences between junior or senior residents performing the surgery with regards to intraoperative ligament or tendon injury (p=. 58). The most common ligament injured was the medial collateral in 11 (3%); other ligament injuries included the posterior cruciate ligament in 10 (3%), the patellar tendon in 3 (1%), the popliteus tendon in 2 (.5%), and the lateral collateral ligament and iliotibial band in 1 (.3%). There was no relationship between ligament/tendon damage and in which month of the rotation the surgery was performed. There was also no correlation between rotations during the beginning versus the end of the year. 1 ligament/tendon injury occurred in 89 patients (1%) with a BMI of 30 or less while 25 ligament/tendon injuries occurred in 257 patients (10%) with a BMI of more than 30. This difference was statistically significant (p=.034). Conclusions (d): This analysis suggests that supervised junior residents may safely play a more active role when performing total knee arthroplasty since their involvement is not associated with increased intraoperative ligament or tendon injury. This information may assist attending orthopaedic surgeons and resident training programs in determining the role of junior residents during surgery.Item Recreational Justice and City Planning(2006-08-01) Romero, Ana; Sue LurieRomero, Ana. Recreational Justice and City Planning. Master of Public Health (Environmental), August 2006, 70 pp., 14 tables, 3 illustrations, 4 maps, bibliography, 42 titles. Environmental justice has been defined by the unfairly exposure of minorities to hazardous materials, in this study we consider another aspect of environmental justice by analysis de exposure of population to beneficial sources for the environment. Population living around 1 mile from the parks of the cities of Dallas, Plano, Midlothian and McKinney were analyzed base on descriptive statistics, compare of means among and within the city by an analysis of variance, and a distance prediction on demographics characteristic of race/ethnicity, age, economics, and education obtained from the U.S. census of 2000. Plano and Dallas have 98% and 97% population coverage; this resulted in statistical significant differences in all demographics McKinney and Midlothian reported less than 78% of coverage with only education as significant predictor of distance. Recreational justice does not substitute environmental justice; however it should be considered to evaluate this condition.Item Sickle Cell Disease Awareness, Willingness to be Tested and Willingness to Participate in Genetic Counseling Among African Immigrants of the Democratic Republic of Congo in North Texas(2020-05) Njesada, Ndolembai S.; Nandy, Karabi; Sterling, David; Raines-Milenkov, Amy; Young, RichardThe aim of this exploratory cross-sectional research was to assess the awareness of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), the willingness to be screened for SCD, and the willingness to participate in genetic counseling among African immigrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo who resided in North Texas through in-person surveys. A structure questionnaire containing 36 SCD questions was administered to DRC immigrants residing in Dallas-Fort-Worth-Denton-Arlington metroplex of North Texas between August and November 2019. One hundred and eighty-six were successfully interviewed. SCD awareness was very high among participants (97%); however, only about 65% agreed to participate in SCD testing and 72% to genetic counseling. Statistical significance in the levels of awareness, willingness to be screened and to participate in genetic counseling was noted between males and females. Education was negatively associated with awareness of SCD. Those who had less than high school education had higher odds of being aware of sickle cell compared to those who had more than high school education. However, those who had refugee immigration status had seven times higher odds of being willing to participate in SCD testing compared to permanent resident status. There is a need for SCD education among immigrants from endemic countries like DRC, given that almost half of the participants were not willing to participate in SCD educational programs. The need of mix methods studies to understand the various patterns of association related to all the factors associated with sickle cell disease is warranted.