Browsing by Subject "vascular aging"
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Item Age-related Impairment of Vascular Structure and Functions(JKL International, 2017-10-01) Xu, Xianglai; Wang, Brian; Ren, Changhong; Hu, Jiangnan; Greenberg, David A.; Chen, Tianxiang; Xie, Liping; Jin, KunlinAmong age-related diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are major causes of death. Vascular dysfunction is a key characteristic of these diseases wherein age is an independent and essential risk factor. The present work will review morphological alterations of aging vessels in-depth, which includes the discussion of age-related microvessel loss and changes to vasculature involving the capillary basement membrane, intima, media, and adventitia as well as the accompanying vascular dysfunctions arising from these alterations.Item Recent Progress in Vascular Aging: Mechanisms and Its Role in Age-related Diseases(JKL International, 2017-07-21) Xu, Xianglai; Wang, Brian; Ren, Changhong; Hu, Jiangnan; Greenberg, David A.; Chen, Tianxiang; Xie, Liping; Jin, KunlinAs with many age-related diseases including vascular dysfunction, age is considered an independent and crucial risk factor. Complicated alterations of structure and function in the vasculature are linked with aging hence, understanding the underlying mechanisms of age-induced vascular pathophysiological changes holds possibilities for developing clinical diagnostic methods and new therapeutic strategies. Here, we discuss the underlying molecular mediators that could be involved in vascular aging, e.g., the renin-angiotensin system and pro-inflammatory factors, metalloproteinases, calpain-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and TGFbeta-1 as well as the potential roles of testosterone and estrogen. We then relate all of these to clinical manifestations such as vascular dementia and stroke in addition to reviewing the existing clinical measurements and potential interventions for age-related vascular dysfunction.