Browsing by Subject "Diagnosis"
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Item A Six-Year Analysis of the Distribution of Time to Death Among Colorectal Cancer Patients in the State of Texas(2000-05-01) Williams, Vanessa P.; Antonio A. Rene; Thomas J. Fairchild; Sally BlakleyWilliams, Vanessa P., A Six-Year Analysis of the Distribution of Time to Death Among Colorectal Cancer Patients in the State of Texas. Master of Public Health (Epidemiology), May 2000, 55 pp., 11 tables, 9 figures, references, 52 titles. The cancer experience of Texans differs substantially by race/ethnicity. Among Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic men and women, colon cancer is either the second or third leading type of cancers among Texans. The distribution of time to death over a six-year period were assessed from a cohort of African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian men and women diagnosed with colon cancer in 1992. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in the overall death time distribution and tumor histology among African Americans, Hispanics, and Caucasian men and women who were diagnosed with colon cancer in 1992 in the state of Texas. Analysis results indicated that Hispanic females (65.59%) and Caucasian males (65.52%) had higher survival times among the race/ethnic groups. African American males (53.85%) and females (56.40%) experienced lower survival time for the cohort. For overall distribution of time to death among deceased subjects, African American males and Hispanic females experienced the lowest distribution times among the subjects. The overall distribution of time to death for all histology types were the same for each type.Item Alzheimer's Fibroblasts are More Susceptible to Oxidative Stress(2001-05-01) Marshall, Pamela L.; Neeraj Agarwal; Robert GracyMarshall, Pamela L., Alzheimer’s Fibroblasts Are More Susceptible to Oxidative Stress. Master’s of Science (Biomedical Sciences). May 2001. Recent evidence indicates that oxidative stress contributes to neuronal death in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition, it has been suggested that AD is a systemic illness in which the development of the disease is only visible in the brain. The aim of this research is to develop experimental procedures using a simple cell model, the fibroblast, to determine if proteins derived from AD skin fibroblasts are more sensitive to oxidation by reactive oxygen species than non-AD cells, and to assess the ability of antioxidants to prevent this oxidative damage in AD fibroblasts. Preliminary findings suggest that changes in sensitivity are already detectable in fibroblasts from AD patients, probably as a consequence of genetic component as well as other risk factors. Therefore, this biochemical marker might have the potential for identifying individuals at risk for AD.Item An American Text-Book of Gynecology, Medical and Surgical for Practitioners and Students(W.B. Saunders, 1899-01-01) Baldy, J.M.; Cragin, Edwin M.D.; Etheridge, J.H. M.D.; Goodell, William M.D.; Kelly, Howard M.D.; Krug, Florian M.D.; Montgomery, E.E. M.D.; Pryor, William M.D.; Tuttle, George M.D.; Byford, Henry M.D.2nd Edition. 1899Item Barriers to Completion of a Family Health History Tool and Increasing Subject Retention(2016-12-01) Bennett, Margarett A.; Robert T. MalletFamily Health Histories (FHH) are crucial for identifying disease risk factors, and such information is paramount to the diagnosis, treatment, and long term care of patients. Many if not most human diseases include a hereditary component. Despite the recognized importance of health history information, the FHH of many Americans remains uncaptured. This study examined impediments to FHH completion and evaluated a strategy for increasing completion. Participants were givenreminder prompts, offers of assistance, and surveyed to identify barriers and effective methods to improve FHH completion. The most frequently cited barrier was that the participant did not remember being part of the study or anything about the study. Although the reminder phone prompts produced a modest increase in participation, this strategy was time consuming and inefficient. The possibilities that providing additional information during the recruitment process and earlier reminder phone calls after registration may improve FHH participation and completion rates warrants further investigation.Item Cell line authentication and contamination assessment for human cell cultures(2015-05-01) Ormos, Andrea; Arthur J. Eisenberg; Rhonda Roby; John V. PlanzCell line authentication is an essential step in ensuring the integrity and reproducibility of biomedical research. The major contaminants in cell cultures are fungi, viruses, bacteria and contamination from other cell lines of the same or different species. Contaminants alter the physiology and properties of cells, compromising the results of experiments. In this study, an improved multiplex assay was developed, detecting mycoplasma and mouse cell line contamination, while performing DNA typing. The assay was tested on cell cultures, the reproducibility of the assay was verified, sample collection and procedures were optimized and limit of detection for contaminants were determined. A survey was conducted to assess the interest in an in-house cell line authentication and contamination assessment service.Item Clinical Diagnosis(W.B. Saunders Company, 1981-01-01) Todd, JamesItem Clinical Diagnosis: A Manual of Laboratory Methods(W.B. Saunders Company, 1913-01-01) Todd, JamesWhile the original purpose of this book- to present Clearly and concisely the various laboratory methods which are of use in clinical medicine- has not been lost Sight of, its scope has been somewhat enlarged in the present edition. Each section has been carefully revised and much new Material has been added to every chapter. Among the many additions may be mentioned: the use of artificial light and the importance of numerical aperture in microscopic work; photomicrography with simple apparatus; The antiformin method for tubercle bacilli; detection and significance of albumin in the sputum; Tsuchiya's modification, of Esbach's test; the formalin test for ammonia And benedict's methods for sugar in urine; volume index Of red blood-corpuscles; wright and Kinnicutt's method of counting blood-platelets; Harlow’s blood-stain; a simple Technic for the diagnosis of typhoid fever by blood cultures; The Wassermann reaction, and Frothingham's Impression method in the diagnosis of rabies. Because of the growing importance of animal parasites, this chapter has been entirely rewritten and more than Doubled in extent. Two new chapters have been added: One upon bacteriologic methods, which supplements the Methods given in other portions of the book, and one upon preparation and use of vaccines, including therapeutic and diagnostic use of tuberculin.Item Health Risk, Behavior and Attitudes of Urban African American Men Toward Prostate Cancer Screening(2006-05-01) Samuel, Prattus; Sue Lurie; Kristine Lykens; Sejong BaeSamuel, Prauttus K., Health Risk, Behavior and Attitudes of Urban African American Men Toward Prostate Screening. Master of Public Health (Community Health), May 20, 2006, 84 pp., 10 tables, 1 illustration, 72 references. In Texas, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among non-Hispanic whites and African American (AA) males. This thesis addresses the research questions: what psycho-social characteristics associated with men who participate in prostate screening? What psycho-social and clinical characteristics are associated with reported risk factors? Focus groups were conducted to identify attitudes, perceptions and health beliefs of African American men’s early detection behavior. Existing data from a prostate screening program in Dallas County, Texas was analyzed to determine associations of demographic variables, risk factors variables and screening participation for each subgroup with AA as the group of interest. Comparison of responses and data analysis provided the framework for a conceptual model.Item Integration of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine into Differential Diagnosis Training: A Study Evaluating Teaching Strategies and Their Influence on Student Learning(2007-05-01) IrvineMoore, LaPonna Rae; Gamber, Russell; Shores, Jay H.; Oglesby, MichaelIrvineMoore, LaPonna R. Integration of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine into Differential Diagnosis Training: A study evaluating teaching strategies and their influence on student learning. Master of Science in Clinical Research and Education, May 2007, 109 pp, 16 tables, 14 figures, bibliography 118 titles. This study compared traditional lecture versus a computer-based cognitive science-based approach in training 2nd year medical students to perform low back pain differential diagnosis with integrated osteopathic diagnoses and findings. Research subjects were tested on diagnostic capabilities and outcomes were compared. Students’ opinion and feedback was assessed through a computer-based questionnaire. Although the two groups performed equally with respect to overall mean and osteopathic diagnoses, the treatment group performed better on difficult questions. Eighty percent of student attitudes were positive toward computer-based learning and its utility in uniquely osteopathic concepts. Cognitive science-based teaching modalities may increase diagnostic competencies and positively affect learning of uniquely osteopathic concepts.Item Interexaminer Reliability of Somatic Palpatory Findings Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain(2002-05-01) Russo, David P.; Scott Stoll; John C. Licciardone; Russell GamberRusso, David P., Interexaminer Reliability of Somatic Palpatory Findings Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain. Master of Science, May 2002, 15 pp., 1 table, 1 figure, bibliography, 26 titles. Osteopathic physicians rely on specific clinical palpatory tests to diagnose somatic dysfunction of the neuromusculoskeletal system. The purpose of this study is to compare the interexaminer reliability of six common osteopathic clinical tests to severity ratings of somatic dysfunction in six body regions. Ten trained and clinically supervised predoctoral osteopathic manipulative medicine fellows collected palpatory data using the Standardized Outpatient Osteopathic Soap Note Form (SNF) and recorded findings for six pre-selected osteopathic clinical diagnostic tests as part of a randomized controlled trial of osteopathic manipulative treatment for chronic low back pain. Kappa coefficients were used to assess overall examiner agreement for the osteopathic clinical tests. Intraclass correlational coefficients (ICC) and Chronbach’s alpha were used to assess examiner agreement for the severity ratings. Kappa values for the six clinical tests ranged from 0 to 0.32. The single item ICC was 0.32, average item ICC was .74, and the coefficient alpha for internal consistency of the six body region scores was 0.80. These results indicate that diagnostic impressions of somatic dysfunction severity may be more reliable than outcomes from isolated osteopathic clinical tests.Item Language and Cultural Access Services for Healthcare of Latinos: A Study of Their Experiences in Dallas County(2006-04-04) Prieto, Juan; Coggin, Claudia; Gonzalez, Adela; Cipher, DaishaPrieto, Juan G., Language and Cultural Access Services for Healthcare of Latinos: A Study of Their Experiences in Dallas County. Master of Public Health (Community Health), April 4, 2006, pp 53, tables 5, bibliography, titles 29. The American healthcare system largely serves English-speakers, but 21 million Latinos in this country speak limited English. This cross-sectional study examines language laws and patient experiences in overcoming communication barriers. The study’s responses suggest lack of awareness of language access rights among Latinos and non-compliance with language laws by some public and private healthcare providers. Communication gaps can result in untreated or misdiagnosed illness, injury or death. However, life-threatening disparities experienced by Latinos could be alleviated if patients learned of their language rights through media campaigns. Medical treatment would drastically improve the hiring, training and supporting bilingual healthcare professionals; through the strengthening the enforcement of language services laws; and through the allocating funds for cultural and linguistic services in healthcare.Item Manual of Therapeutics(Parke, Davis, & Company, 1909-01-01)Item Prior Osteopathic Palpatory Training and the Effectiveness of Clinical Breast Exams(2007-05-01) Bah, Elizabeth L.; John LicciardoneBah, Elizabeth L., Prior Osteopathic Palpatory Training and the Effectiveness of Clinical Breast Exams. Master of Science in Clinical Research and Education, May 2007, 57 pp, 9 tables, 10 illustrations, 28 bibliography titles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is an association between osteopathic palpatory training and increased effectiveness of clinical breast exams. Incoming first year medical students, completed second year medical students, and physician assistant students participated in this study. These students palpated six silicone breast models with lumps of varying sizes, depths and hardness. Effectiveness was measured by mean sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in effectiveness between the three student groups. The outcome of this project did not show an association between osteopathic palpatory training and increased effectiveness of clinical breast exams.Item Review of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma and Its Outcome(2007-12-01) Sanghvi, ChiragSanghvi, Chirag. Review of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma and Its Outcome. Master of Public Health (Biostatistics), December 2007, 37 pp., 4 tables, bibliography, 42 titles. Blunt pancreatic trauma (BPT) is an uncommon injury involving 1%-2% of blunt abdominal traumas but it can be associated with a high complication rate. Various studies have shown complication rate to range from 30%-64% following blunt pancreatic injury. With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval a retrospective chart review study was performed for last 12 years. Chart review failed to support the hospital assigned diagnosis of BPT in 3 patients, leaving 37 cases for analysis. BPT had an overall mortality rate of 22%. In the patients surviving the injury, early surgical intervention (≤12 hours) had a complication rate of 31% versus 57% for delayed surgical intervention ([greater than] 12 hours). BPT has a high mortality rate but is usually secondary to other organs involved in the injury. Delayed surgical intervention has a higher complication rate compared to early intervention.Item Study of Kinematics and Gait in Dynamic Response Feet across Functional K-Level Categories.(2016-12-01) Donevant, Russell J.; Patterson, Rita; Bugnariu, Nicoleta; Rosales, ArmandoIn the United States, the Medicare Functional Classification Level (MFCL or K-level) classification system exists in order to estimate a patient’s rehabilitation potential. Physicians assign a K-level rating from 0-4 of increasing functionality, which serves to designate what kind of prosthetic device to provide a patient with and what insurance will cover. This study aims to interpret kinematic data recorded from transtibial amputees with two different functional levels of prosthetic feet and interpret the effect on gait and functional performance when switching to a higher/lower prosthetic level than the one currently equipped with. Kinematic data are collected via motion-capture and force-plate technologies while subjects interact with a virtual reality environment and processed using the GOAT (Gait Offline Analysis Tool) analysis software.